update drachtio-fsmrf new version for fixing amd and transcribe run parallel

2026-03-28 19:09:35 +00:00 · 2023-11-21 21:02:38 +07:00
57 changed files with 7174 additions and 8838 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 18
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm run jslint
      - run: docker pull drachtio/sipp
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -42,4 +42,3 @@ ecosystem.config.js
 test/credentials/*.json
 run-tests.sh
 run-coverage.sh
-.vscode
--- a/.vscode/launch.json
+++ b/.vscode/launch.json
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
+  // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
+  // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
+  "version": "0.2.0",
+  "configurations": [
+    {
+      "type": "node",
+      "request": "launch",
+      "name": "Launch Program",
+      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/test/index.js",
+      "env": {
+        "NODE_ENV": "test"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License

-Copyright (c) 2018-2024 FirstFive8, Inc.
+Copyright (c) 2021 Drachtio Communications Services, LLC

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ Configuration is provided via environment variables:
 |JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_BASE_URL| recording websocket URL to send the recording audio|no|
 |JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_USERNAME| recording websocket username|no|
 |JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD| recording websocket password|no|
-|ANCHOR_MEDIA_ALWAYS| keep media on media server|no|
-|JAMBONZ_DISABLE_DIAL_PAI_HEADER| control P-Asserted-Identity header on B-Leg|no|

 ### running under pm2
 Typically, this application runs under [pm2](https://pm2.io) using an [ecosystem.config.js](https://pm2.keymetrics.io/docs/usage/application-declaration/) file similar to this:
--- a/app.js
+++ b/app.js
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ const disconnect = () => {
    httpServer?.on('close', resolve);
    httpServer?.close();
    srf.disconnect();
-    srf.locals.mediaservers?.forEach((ms) => ms.disconnect());
+    srf.locals.mediaservers.forEach((ms) => ms.disconnect());
  });
 };

--- a/bin/k8s-pre-stop-hook.js
+++ b/bin/k8s-pre-stop-hook.js
--- a/data/example-voicemail-greetings.json
+++ b/data/example-voicemail-greetings.json
@@ -9,112 +9,7 @@
    "can't take your call",
    "will get back to you",
    "I'll get back to you",
-    "we are unable",
-    "Unable to take your call now",
-    "I'll reply soon",
-    "I'll call back",
-    "I'll reach out to you as soon as possible",
-    "Leave a message",
-    "Away from phone",
-    "Not available now",
-    "I'll return call",
-    "On another call",
-    "Currently on another call",
-    "I will return call later",
-    "Busy please leave message",
-    "Message will be returned promptly",
-    "Currently unavailable to answer",
-    "Planning to return your call soon",
-    "Apologies for missing your call",
-    "Not by the phone at the moment",
-    "Expecting to return your call",
-    "Currently not accessible",
-    "Intend to call back",
-    "Appreciate your patience!",
-    "Engaged in another conversation",
-    "I Will respond promptly",
-    "Kindly leave a message",
-    "Currently occupied leave a message",
-    "Unfortunately unable to answer right now",
-    "Occupied at the moment",
-    "Not present leave a message",
-    "Regrettably unavailable kindly leave a message",
-    "Will ensure a prompt response to your message",
-    "Currently engaged",
-    "Will return your call at the earliest opportunity",
-    "Your message will receive my prompt attention",
-    "I'll respond as soon as I can",
-    "Your message is important please leave it after the beep",
-    "Away from the phone at the moment",
-    "Unable to answer right now",
-    "Engaged in another task",
-    "Not by the phone presently",
-    "I'll respond at my earliest convenience",
-    "Away from the phone momentarily",
-    "I'll return your call shortly",
-    "Currently not able to answer",
-    "Your message is important please leave it after the tone",
-    "I'm unable to take your call right now",
-    "Please leave your message for me",
-    "I'll get back to you soon",
-    "Your call has been missed",
-    "Please leave a detailed message for me to respond to",
-    "Leave a message I'll make sure to respond",
-    "Feel free to leave a message",
-    "Your call is important to me",
-    "I'll get back to you shortly",
-    "Your message will be attended to promptly",
-    "Not available at the moment",
-    "I'll be sure to get back to you",
-    "I'll call you back soon",
-    "I'll ensure a prompt response",
-    "Sorry for the inconvenience",
-    "I'll return your call",
-    "I'll make sure to get back to you",
-    "I'll call you back shortly",
-    "I'll return your call as soon as possible",
-    "Apologies for the inconvenience leave your message",
-    "Your call is appreciated",
-    "I'm unavailable to answer",
-    "I'm currently away",
-    "I'll return your call as soon as I can",
-    "I'm away from the phone",
-    "I'm currently unavailable to take your call",
-    "Sorry for missing your call",
-    "I'll ensure it receives my immediate attention",
-    "I'm away from the phone momentarily",
-    "I'll reach out to you shortly",
-    "Apologies for the inconvenience",
-    "Currently occupied",
-    "Unable to answer your call at the moment",
-    "I'll make sure to follow up with you",
-    "Sorry for not being available",
-    "I'll reach out to you as soon as I can",
-    "I'm currently engaged",
-    "I'm currently busy",
-    "I'm currently unavailable",
-    "I'll respond to you at my earliest convenience",
-    "Your message is appreciated",
-    "I'll get back to you promptly",
-    "I'll get back to you without delay",
-    "Currently away from the phone",
-    "I'll return your call at my earliest opportunity",
-    "Sorry for the missed call",
-    "I'll make sure to address your concerns",
-    "Please provide your details for a callback",
-    "I'll make every effort to respond promptly",
-    "I'll ensure it's attended to promptly",
-    "Away from the phone temporarily",
-    "I'll get back to you as soon as I return",
-    "Currently not in a position to answer your call",
-    "Your call cannot be answered at the moment",
-    "I'll ensure to respond as soon as I'm able",
-    "Your call is important please leave a message",
-    "Unable to answer right now please leave your message",
-    "Currently not accessible intending to return your call",
-    "I'll respond promptly to your message",
-    "leave a memo",
-    "please leave a memo"
+    "we are unable"
  ],
  "es-ES": [
    "le pasamos la llamada",
--- a/docs/contributing.md
+++ b/docs/contributing.md
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The GCP credential is the JSON service key in stringified format.

 #### Install Docker

-The test suite also requires [Docker](https://www.docker.com/) and docker-compose to be installed on your laptop.  Docker is used to set up a network with all of the elements required to test the jambonz-feature-server in a black-box type of fashion.
+The test suite ralso equires [Docker](https://www.docker.com/) and docker-compose to be installed on your laptop.  Docker is used to set up a network with all of the elements required to test the jambonz-feature-server in a black-box type of fashion.

 Once you have docker installed, you can optionally make sure everything Docker-wise is working properly by running this command from the project folder:

--- a/lib/config.js
+++ b/lib/config.js
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@ const HTTP_TIMEOUT = 10000;
 const HTTP_PROXY_IP = process.env.JAMBONES_HTTP_PROXY_IP;
 const HTTP_PROXY_PORT = process.env.JAMBONES_HTTP_PROXY_PORT;
 const HTTP_PROXY_PROTOCOL = process.env.JAMBONES_HTTP_PROXY_PROTOCOL || 'http';
-const HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER = process.env.JAMBONES_HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER || 'jambonz';

 const OPTIONS_PING_INTERVAL = parseInt(process.env.OPTIONS_PING_INTERVAL, 10) || 30000;

@@ -130,10 +129,6 @@ const JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD = process.env.JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD || pro
 const JAMBONZ_DISABLE_DIAL_PAI_HEADER = process.env.JAMBONZ_DISABLE_DIAL_PAI_HEADER || false;
 const JAMBONES_DISABLE_DIRECT_P2P_CALL = process.env.JAMBONES_DISABLE_DIRECT_P2P_CALL || false;

-const JAMBONES_EAGERLY_PRE_CACHE_AUDIO = parseInt(process.env.JAMBONES_EAGERLY_PRE_CACHE_AUDIO, 10) || 0;
-
-const JAMBONES_USE_FREESWITCH_TIMER_FD = process.env.JAMBONES_USE_FREESWITCH_TIMER_FD;
-
 module.exports = {
  JAMBONES_MYSQL_HOST,
  JAMBONES_MYSQL_USER,
@@ -156,7 +151,6 @@ module.exports = {
  JAMBONES_API_BASE_URL,
  JAMBONES_TIME_SERIES_HOST,
  JAMBONES_INJECT_CONTENT,
-  JAMBONES_EAGERLY_PRE_CACHE_AUDIO,
  JAMBONES_ESL_LISTEN_ADDRESS,
  JAMBONES_SBCS,
  JAMBONES_OTEL_ENABLED,
@@ -199,7 +193,6 @@ module.exports = {
  HTTP_PROXY_IP,
  HTTP_PROXY_PORT,
  HTTP_PROXY_PROTOCOL,
-  HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER,
  OPTIONS_PING_INTERVAL,
  RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS,
  JAMBONES_WS_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT_MS,
@@ -215,6 +208,5 @@ module.exports = {
  JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_USERNAME,
  JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD,
  JAMBONZ_DISABLE_DIAL_PAI_HEADER,
-  JAMBONES_DISABLE_DIRECT_P2P_CALL,
-  JAMBONES_USE_FREESWITCH_TIMER_FD
+  JAMBONES_DISABLE_DIRECT_P2P_CALL
 };
--- a/lib/dynamic-apps.js
+++ b/lib/dynamic-apps.js
@@ -30,20 +30,6 @@ const appsMap = {
        }
      ]
    }]
-  },
-  conference: {
-    // Dummy hook to follow later feature server logic.
-    call_hook: {
-      url: 'https://jambonz.org',
-      method: 'GET'
-    },
-    account_sid: '',
-    app_json: [{
-      verb: 'conference',
-      name: '',
-      beep: false,
-      startConferenceOnEnter: true
-    }]
  }
 };

@@ -52,7 +38,6 @@ const createJambonzApp = (type, {account_sid, name, caller_id}) => {
  app.account_sid = account_sid;
  switch (type) {
    case 'queue':
-    case 'conference':
      app.app_json[0].name = name;
      break;
    case 'user':
--- a/lib/http-routes/api/create-call.js
+++ b/lib/http-routes/api/create-call.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ const CallInfo = require('../../session/call-info');
 const {CallDirection, CallStatus} = require('../../utils/constants');
 const uuidv4 = require('uuid-random');
 const SipError = require('drachtio-srf').SipError;
-const { validationResult, body } = require('express-validator');
+const { validationResult } = require('express-validator');
 const { validate } = require('@jambonz/verb-specifications');
 const sysError = require('./error');
 const HttpRequestor = require('../../utils/http-requestor');
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ const WsRequestor = require('../../utils/ws-requestor');
 const RootSpan = require('../../utils/call-tracer');
 const dbUtils = require('../../utils/db-utils');
 const { mergeSdpMedia, extractSdpMedia } = require('../../utils/sdp-utils');
-const { createCallSchema, customSanitizeFunction } = require('../schemas/create-call');
+const { createCallSchema } = require('../schemas/create-call');

 const removeNullProperties = (obj) => (Object.keys(obj).forEach((key) => obj[key] === null && delete obj[key]), obj);
 const removeNulls = (req, res, next) => {
@@ -24,12 +24,6 @@ const removeNulls = (req, res, next) => {
 router.post('/',
  removeNulls,
  createCallSchema,
-  body('tag').custom((value) => {
-    if (value) {
-      customSanitizeFunction(value);
-    }
-    return true;
-  }),
  async(req, res) => {
    const {logger} = req.app.locals;
    const errors = validationResult(req);
--- a/lib/http-routes/schemas/create-call.js
+++ b/lib/http-routes/schemas/create-call.js
@@ -46,6 +46,11 @@ const createCallSchema = checkSchema({
    optional: true,
    errorMessage: 'Invalid tag',
  },
+  'tag.*': {
+    trim: true,
+    escape: true,
+    stripLow: true,
+  },
  app_json: {
    isString: true,
    optional: true,
@@ -104,31 +109,6 @@ const createCallSchema = checkSchema({
  }
 }, ['body']);

-const customSanitizeFunction = (value) => {
-  try {
-    if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-      value = value.map((item) => customSanitizeFunction(item));
-    } else if (typeof value === 'object') {
-      Object.keys(value).forEach((key) => {
-        value[key] = customSanitizeFunction(value[key]);
-      });
-    } else if (typeof value === 'string') {
-      /* trims characters at the beginning and at the end of a string */
-      value = value.trim();
-
-      /* Verify strings including 'http' via new URL */
-      if (value.includes('http')) {
-        value = new URL(value).toString();
-      }
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    value = `Error: ${error.message}`;
-  }
-
-  return value;
-};
-
 module.exports = {
-  createCallSchema,
-  customSanitizeFunction
+  createCallSchema
 };
--- a/lib/middleware.js
+++ b/lib/middleware.js
@@ -52,16 +52,10 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
    let clientDb = null;
    if (req.has('X-Authenticated-User')) {
      req.locals.originatingUser = req.get('X-Authenticated-User');
-      let clientSettings;
      const arr = /^(.*)@(.*)/.exec(req.locals.originatingUser);
      if (arr) {
-        [clientSettings] = await lookupClientByAccountAndUsername(account_sid, arr[1]);
+        [clientDb] = await lookupClientByAccountAndUsername(account_sid, arr[1]);
      }
-      clientDb = await registrar.query(req.locals.originatingUser);
-      clientDb = {
-        ...clientDb,
-        ...clientSettings,
-      };
    }

    // check for call to application
@@ -75,19 +69,13 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
      req.locals.application_sid = application_sid;
    }
    // check for call to queue
-    else if (uri.user?.startsWith('queue-') && req.locals.originatingUser && clientDb?.allow_direct_queue_calling) {
+    if (uri.user?.startsWith('queue-') && req.locals.originatingUser && clientDb?.allow_direct_queue_calling) {
      const queue_name = uri.user.match(/queue-(.*)/)[1];
      logger.debug(`got Queue from Request URI header: ${queue_name}`);
      req.locals.queue_name = queue_name;
    }
-    // check for call to conference
-    else if (uri.user?.startsWith('conference-') && req.locals.originatingUser && clientDb?.allow_direct_app_calling) {
-      const conference_id = uri.user.match(/conference-(.*)/)[1];
-      logger.debug(`got Conference from Request URI header: ${conference_id}`);
-      req.locals.conference_id = conference_id;
-    }
    // check for call to registered user
-    else if (!JAMBONES_DISABLE_DIRECT_P2P_CALL && req.locals.originatingUser && clientDb?.allow_direct_user_calling) {
+    if (!JAMBONES_DISABLE_DIRECT_P2P_CALL && req.locals.originatingUser && clientDb?.allow_direct_user_calling) {
      const arr = /^(.*)@(.*)/.exec(req.locals.originatingUser);
      if (arr) {
        const sipRealm = arr[2];
@@ -103,7 +91,7 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
    if (req.has('X-MS-Teams-Tenant-FQDN')) req.locals.msTeamsTenant = req.get('X-MS-Teams-Tenant-FQDN');
    if (req.has('X-Cisco-Recording-Participant')) {
      const ciscoParticipants = req.get('X-Cisco-Recording-Participant');
-      const regex = /sip:[a-zA-Z0-9]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-_]+/g;
+      const regex = /sip:[\d]+@[\d]+\.[\d]+\.[\d]+\.[\d]+/g;
      const sipURIs = ciscoParticipants.match(regex);
      logger.info(`X-Cisco-Recording-Participant : ${sipURIs} `);
      if (sipURIs && sipURIs.length > 0) {
@@ -172,7 +160,7 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
        };
        logger.info({callId, metadata, sdp}, 'successfully parsed SIPREC payload');
      } catch (err) {
-        logger.info({err, callId}, 'Error parsing multipart payload');
+        logger.info({callId}, 'Error parsing multipart payload');
        return res.send(503);
      }
    }
@@ -243,9 +231,6 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
        logger.debug(`calling to registered user ${req.locals.called_user}, generating dial app`);
        app = createJambonzApp('user',
          {account_sid, name: req.locals.called_user, caller_id: req.locals.callingNumber});
-      } else if (req.locals.conference_id) {
-        logger.debug(`calling to conference ${req.locals.conference_id}, generating conference app`);
-        app = createJambonzApp('conference', {account_sid, name: req.locals.conference_id});
      } else if (req.locals.application_sid) {
        app = await lookupAppBySid(req.locals.application_sid);
      } else if (req.locals.originatingUser) {
@@ -352,15 +337,6 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
        direction: CallDirection.Inbound,
        traceId: rootSpan.traceId
      });
-      // if transferred call contains callInfo, let update original data to newly created callInfo in this instance.
-      if (app.transferredCall && app.callInfo) {
-        req.locals.callInfo.callerName = app.callInfo.callerName;
-        req.locals.callInfo.from = app.callInfo.from;
-        req.locals.callInfo.to = app.callInfo.to;
-        req.locals.callInfo.originatingSipIp = app.callInfo.originatingSipIp;
-        req.locals.callInfo.originatingSipTrunkName = app.callInfo.originatingSipTrunkName;
-        delete app.callInfo;
-      }
      next();
    } catch (err) {
      span.end();
@@ -400,7 +376,7 @@ module.exports = function(srf, logger) {
          },
          recognizer: {
            vendor: app.speech_recognizer_vendor,
-            ...(app.speech_recognizer_label && {label: app.speech_recognizer_label}),
+            ...(app.speech_synthesis_label && {label: app.speech_synthesis_label}),
            language: app.speech_recognizer_language,
            ...(app.fallback_speech_recognizer_vendor && {fallback_vendor: app.fallback_speech_recognizer_vendor}),
            ...(app.fallback_speech_recognizer_label && {fallback_label: app.fallback_speech_recognizer_label}),
--- a/lib/session/adulting-call-session.js
+++ b/lib/session/adulting-call-session.js
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 const CallSession = require('./call-session');
-const {CallStatus} = require('../utils/constants');
-const moment = require('moment');

 /**
 * @classdesc Subclass of CallSession.  Represents a CallSession
@@ -28,7 +26,6 @@ class AdultingCallSession extends CallSession {
      this._callReleased();
    });
    this.sd.emit('adulting');
-    this.on('callStatusChange', this._notifyCallStatusChange.bind(this));
  }

  get dlg() {
@@ -53,26 +50,6 @@ class AdultingCallSession extends CallSession {
  }

  _callerHungup() {
-    this._hangup('caller');
-  }
-
-  _jambonzHangup() {
-    this._hangup();
-  }
-
-  _hangup(terminatedBy = 'jambonz') {
-    if (this.dlg.connectTime) {
-      const duration = moment().diff(this.dlg.connectTime, 'seconds');
-      this.rootSpan.setAttributes({'call.termination': `hangup by ${terminatedBy}`});
-      this.callInfo.callTerminationBy = terminatedBy;
-      this.emit('callStatusChange', {
-        callStatus: CallStatus.Completed,
-        duration
-      });
-    }
-    this.logger.info(`InboundCallSession: ${terminatedBy} hung up`);
-    this._callReleased();
-    this.req.removeAllListeners('cancel');
  }
 }

--- a/lib/session/call-session.js
+++ b/lib/session/call-session.js
--- a/lib/session/confirm-call-session.js
+++ b/lib/session/confirm-call-session.js
@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@ class ConfirmCallSession extends CallSession {
  _callerHungup() {
  }

-  _jambonzHangup() {
-  }
-

 }

--- a/lib/session/inbound-call-session.js
+++ b/lib/session/inbound-call-session.js
@@ -35,21 +35,11 @@ class InboundCallSession extends CallSession {
  _onCancel() {
    this.rootSpan.setAttributes({'call.termination': 'caller abandoned'});
    this.callInfo.callTerminationBy = 'caller';
-    const wasEarlyMedia = this.callInfo.callStatus === 'early-media';
    this._notifyCallStatusChange({
      callStatus: CallStatus.NoAnswer,
      sipStatus: 487,
      sipReason: 'Request Terminated'
    });
-    if (wasEarlyMedia) {
-      const duration = 0; // Set duration to 0 for early media termination, required param
-      this._notifyCallStatusChange({
-        callStatus: CallStatus.Completed,
-        sipStatus: 487,
-        sipReason: 'Call Terminated During Early Media',
-        duration: duration
-      });
-    }
    this._callReleased();
  }

@@ -77,27 +67,15 @@ class InboundCallSession extends CallSession {
   * This is invoked when the caller hangs up, in order to calculate the call duration.
   */
  _callerHungup() {
-    this._hangup('caller');
-  }
-
-  _jambonzHangup() {
-    this.dlg?.destroy();
-  }
-
-  _hangup(terminatedBy = 'jambonz') {
-    if (this.dlg === null) {
-      this.logger.info('InboundCallSession:_hangup - race condition, dlg cleared by app hangup');
-      return;
-    }
-    this.logger.info(`InboundCallSession: ${terminatedBy} hung up`);
    assert(this.dlg.connectTime);
    const duration = moment().diff(this.dlg.connectTime, 'seconds');
-    this.rootSpan.setAttributes({'call.termination': `hangup by ${terminatedBy}`});
-    this.callInfo.callTerminationBy = terminatedBy;
+    this.rootSpan.setAttributes({'call.termination': 'hangup by caller'});
+    this.callInfo.callTerminationBy = 'caller';
    this.emit('callStatusChange', {
      callStatus: CallStatus.Completed,
      duration
    });
+    this.logger.info('InboundCallSession: caller hung up');
    this._callReleased();
    this.req.removeAllListeners('cancel');
  }
--- a/lib/session/rest-call-session.js
+++ b/lib/session/rest-call-session.js
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 const CallSession = require('./call-session');
 const {CallStatus} = require('../utils/constants');
 const moment = require('moment');
-const {parseUri} = require('drachtio-srf');
-const { normalizeJambones } = require('@jambonz/verb-specifications');
-const makeTask = require('../tasks/make_task');

 /**
 * @classdesc Subclass of CallSession.  This represents a CallSession that is
@@ -45,81 +42,20 @@ class RestCallSession extends CallSession {
  setDialog(dlg) {
    this.dlg = dlg;
    dlg.on('destroy', this._callerHungup.bind(this));
-    dlg.on('refer', this._onRefer.bind(this));
    this.wrapDialog(dlg);
  }

-  /**
-   * global referHook
-   */
-
-  set referHook(hook) {
-    this._referHook = hook;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * This is invoked when the called party sends REFER to Jambonz.
-   */
-  async _onRefer(req, res) {
-    if (this._referHook) {
-      try {
-        const to = parseUri(req.getParsedHeader('Refer-To').uri);
-        const by = parseUri(req.getParsedHeader('Referred-By').uri);
-        const b3 = this.b3;
-        const httpHeaders = b3 && {b3};
-        const json = await this.requestor.request('verb:hook', this._referHook, {
-          ...(this.callInfo.toJSON()),
-          refer_details: {
-            sip_refer_to: req.get('Refer-To'),
-            sip_referred_by: req.get('Referred-By'),
-            sip_user_agent: req.get('User-Agent'),
-            refer_to_user: to.scheme === 'tel' ? to.number : to.user,
-            referred_by_user: by.scheme === 'tel' ? by.number : by.user,
-            referring_call_sid: this.callSid,
-            referred_call_sid: null,
-          }
-        }, httpHeaders);
-
-        if (json && Array.isArray(json)) {
-          const tasks = normalizeJambones(this.logger, json).map((tdata) => makeTask(this.logger, tdata));
-          if (tasks && tasks.length > 0) {
-            this.logger.info('RestCallSession:handleRefer received REFER, get new tasks');
-            this.replaceApplication(tasks);
-            if (this.wakeupResolver) {
-              this.wakeupResolver({reason: 'RestCallSession: referHook new taks'});
-              this.wakeupResolver = null;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        res.send(202);
-        this.logger.info('RestCallSession:handleRefer - sent 202 Accepted');
-      } catch (err) {
-        this.logger.error({err}, 'RestCallSession:handleRefer - error while asking referHook');
-        res.send(err.statusCode || 501);
-      }
-    } else {
-      res.send(501);
-    }
-  }
  /**
   * This is invoked when the called party hangs up, in order to calculate the call duration.
   */
  _callerHungup() {
-    this._hangup('caller');
-  }
-
-  _jambonzHangup() {
-    this._hangup();
-  }
-
-  _hangup(terminatedBy = 'jambonz') {
    if (this.restDialTask) {
      this.restDialTask.turnOffAmd();
    }
-    this.callInfo.callTerminationBy = terminatedBy;
+    this.callInfo.callTerminationBy = 'caller';
    const duration = moment().diff(this.dlg.connectTime, 'seconds');
    this.emit('callStatusChange', {callStatus: CallStatus.Completed, duration});
-    this.logger.debug(`RestCallSession: called party hung up by ${terminatedBy}`);
+    this.logger.debug('RestCallSession: called party hung up');
    this._callReleased();
  }

--- a/lib/tasks/answer.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/answer.js
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-const Task = require('./task');
-const {TaskName, TaskPreconditions} = require('../utils/constants');
-
-/**
- * Answer the call.
- * Note: This is rarely used, as the call is typically answered automatically when required by the app,
- * but it can be useful to force an answer before a pause in some cases
- */
-class TaskAnswer extends Task {
-  constructor(logger, opts) {
-    super(logger, opts);
-    this.preconditions = TaskPreconditions.Endpoint;
-  }
-
-  get name() { return TaskName.Answer; }
-
-  async exec(cs) {
-    super.exec(cs);
-  }
-}
-
-module.exports = TaskAnswer;
--- a/lib/tasks/conference.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/conference.js
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ const { normalizeJambones } = require('@jambonz/verb-specifications');
 const makeTask = require('./make_task');
 const bent = require('bent');
 const assert = require('assert');
-const HttpRequestor = require('../utils/http-requestor');
 const WAIT = 'wait';
 const JOIN = 'join';
 const START = 'start';
@@ -61,8 +60,6 @@ class Conference extends Task {

    this.emitter = new Emitter();
    this.results = {};
-    this.coaching = [];
-    this.speakOnlyTo = this.data.speakOnlyTo;

    // transferred from another server in order to bridge to a local caller?
    if (this.data._ && this.data._.connectTime) {
@@ -351,29 +348,16 @@ class Conference extends Task {
      Object.assign(opts, {flags: {
        ...(this.endConferenceOnExit && {endconf: true}),
        ...(this.startConferenceOnEnter && {moderator: true}),
-        //https://developer.signalwire.com/freeswitch/FreeSWITCH-Explained/Modules/mod_conference_3965534/
-        // mute |	Enter conference muted
-        ...((this.joinMuted || this.speakOnlyTo) && {mute: true}),
+        ...(this.joinMuted && {joinMuted: true}),
      }});
-
-      /**
-       * Note on the above: if we are joining in "coaching" mode (ie only going to heard by a subset of participants)
-       * then we join muted temporarily, and then unmute ourselves once we have identified the subset of participants
-       * to whom we will be speaking.
-       */
    }

    try {
      const {memberId, confUuid} = await this.ep.join(this.confName, opts);
      this.logger.debug({memberId, confUuid}, `Conference:_joinConference: successfully joined ${this.confName}`);
-      this.memberId = parseInt(memberId, 10);
+      this.memberId = memberId;
      this.confUuid = confUuid;

-      // set a tag for this member, if provided
-      if (this.data.memberTag) {
-        this.setMemberTag(this.data.memberTag);
-      }
-
      cs.setConferenceDetails(memberId, this.confName, confUuid);
      const response = await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'get', 'count']);
      if (response.body && /\d+/.test(response.body)) this.participantCount = parseInt(response.body);
@@ -400,9 +384,6 @@ class Conference extends Task {
          .catch((err) => {});
      }

-      if (this.speakOnlyTo) {
-        this.setCoachMode(this.speakOnlyTo);
-      }
    } catch (err) {
      this.logger.error(err, `Failed to join conference ${this.confName}`);
      throw err;
@@ -447,15 +428,7 @@ class Conference extends Task {
    }
  }

-  doConferenceMute(cs, opts) {
-    assert (cs.isInConference);
-
-    const mute = opts.conf_mute_status === 'mute';
-    this.ep.api(`conference ${this.confName} ${mute ? 'mute' : 'unmute'} ${this.memberId}`)
-      .catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error muting or unmuting participant'));
-  }
-
-  doConferenceHold(cs, opts) {
+  async doConferenceHold(cs, opts) {
    assert (cs.isInConference);

    const {conf_hold_status, wait_hook} = opts;
@@ -492,43 +465,6 @@ class Conference extends Task {
    }
  }

-  async doConferenceParticipantAction(cs, opts) {
-    const {action, tag} = opts;
-
-    switch (action) {
-      case 'tag':
-        await this.setMemberTag(tag);
-        break;
-      case 'untag':
-        await this.clearMemberTag();
-        break;
-      case 'coach':
-        await this.setCoachMode(tag);
-        break;
-      case 'uncoach':
-        await this.clearCoachMode();
-        break;
-      case 'hold':
-        this.doConferenceHold(cs, {conf_hold_status: 'hold'});
-        break;
-      case 'unhold':
-        this.doConferenceHold(cs, {conf_hold_status: 'unhold'});
-        break;
-      case 'mute':
-        this.doConferenceMute(cs, {conf_mute_status: 'mute'});
-        break;
-      case 'unmute':
-        this.doConferenceMute(cs, {conf_mute_status: 'unmute'});
-        break;
-      case 'kick':
-        this.kickMember(cs);
-        break;
-      default:
-        this.logger.info(`Conference:doConferenceParticipantAction - unhandled action ${action}`);
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
  async _doWaitHookWhileOnHold(cs, dlg, wait_hook) {
    do {
      try {
@@ -575,7 +511,7 @@ class Conference extends Task {
  _normalizeHook(cs, hook) {
    if (typeof hook === 'object') return hook;
    const url = hook.startsWith('/') ?
-      `${cs.application.requestor instanceof HttpRequestor ? cs.application.requestor.baseUrl : ''}${hook}` :
+      `${cs.application.requestor.baseUrl}${hook}` :
      hook;

    return { url } ;
@@ -594,7 +530,7 @@ class Conference extends Task {
      const response = await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'get', 'count']);
      if (response.body && confNoMatch(response.body)) this.participantCount = 0;
      else if (response.body && /^\d+$/.test(response.body)) this.participantCount = parseInt(response.body) - 1;
-      this.logger.debug(`Conference:_doFinalMemberCheck conference count ${this.participantCount}`);
+      this.logger.debug({response}, `Conference:_doFinalMemberCheck conference count ${this.participantCount}`);
    } catch (err) {
      this.logger.info({err}, 'Conference:_doFinalMemberCheck error retrieving count (we were probably kicked');
    }
@@ -706,19 +642,11 @@ class Conference extends Task {
  }

  // conference event handlers
-  _onAddMember(logger, cs, evt) {
-    const memberId = parseInt(evt.getHeader('Member-ID')) ;
-    if (this.speakOnlyTo) {
-      logger.debug(`Conference:_onAddMember - member ${memberId} added to ${this.confName}, updating coaching mode`);
-      this.setCoachMode(this.speakOnlyTo).catch(() => {});
-    }
-    else logger.debug(`Conference:_onAddMember - member ${memberId} added to conference ${this.confName}`);
-  }
  _onDelMember(logger, cs, evt) {
    const memberId = parseInt(evt.getHeader('Member-ID')) ;
    this.participantCount = parseInt(evt.getHeader('Conference-Size'));
    if (memberId === this.memberId) {
-      logger.info(`Conference:_onDelMember - I was dropped from conference ${this.confName}, task is complete`);
+      this.logger.info(`Conference:_onDelMember - I was dropped from conference ${this.confName}, task is complete`);
      this.replaceEndpointAndEnd(cs);
    }
  }
@@ -747,99 +675,6 @@ class Conference extends Task {
    }
  }

-  _onTag(logger, cs, evt) {
-    const memberId = parseInt(evt.getHeader('Member-ID')) ;
-    const tag = evt.getHeader('Tag') || '';
-    if (memberId !== this.memberId && this.speakOnlyTo) {
-      logger.info(`Conference:_onTag - member ${memberId} set tag to '${tag }'; updating coach mode accordingly`);
-      this.setCoachMode(this.speakOnlyTo).catch(() => {});
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the conference to "coaching" mode, where the audio of the participant is only heard
-   * by a subset of the participants in the conference.
-   * We do this by first getting all of the members who do *not* have this tag, and then
-   * we configure this members audio to not be sent to them.
-   * @param {string} speakOnlyTo - tag of the members who should receive our audio
-   *
-   * N.B.: this feature requires jambonz patches to freeswitch mod_conference
-   */
-  async setCoachMode(speakOnlyTo) {
-    this.speakOnlyTo = speakOnlyTo;
-    if (!this.memberId) {
-      this.logger.info('Conference:_setCoachMode: no member id yet');
-      return;
-    }
-    try {
-      const members = (await this.ep.getNonMatchingConfParticipants(this.confName, speakOnlyTo))
-        .filter((m) => m !== this.memberId);
-      if (members.length === 0) {
-        this.logger.info({members}, 'Conference:_setCoachMode: all participants have the tag, so all will hear me');
-        if (this.coaching.length) {
-          await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'relate', this.memberId, this.coaching.join(','), 'clear']);
-          this.coaching = [];
-        }
-      }
-      else {
-        const memberList = members.join(',');
-        this.logger.info(`Conference:_setCoachMode: my audio will NOT be sent to ${memberList}`);
-        await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'relate', this.memberId, memberList, 'nospeak']);
-        this.coaching = members;
-      }
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.error({err, speakOnlyTo}, '_setCoachMode: Error');
-    }
-  }
-
-  async clearCoachMode() {
-    if (!this.memberId) return;
-    try {
-      if (this.coaching.length === 0) {
-        this.logger.info('Conference:_clearCoachMode: no coaching mode to clear');
-      }
-      else {
-        const memberList = this.coaching.join(',');
-        this.logger.info(`Conference:_clearCoachMode: now sending my audio to all, including ${memberList}`);
-        await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'relate', this.memberId, memberList, 'clear']);
-      }
-      this.speakOnlyTo = null;
-      this.coaching = [];
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.error({err}, '_clearCoachMode: Error');
-    }
-  }
-
-  async setMemberTag(tag) {
-    try {
-      await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'tag', this.memberId, tag]);
-      this.logger.info(`Conference:setMemberTag: set tag for ${this.memberId} to ${tag}`);
-      this.memberTag = tag;
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.error({err}, `Error setting tag for ${this.memberId} to ${tag}`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  async clearMemberTag() {
-    try {
-      await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'tag', this.memberId]);
-      this.logger.info(`Conference:setMemberTag: clearing tag for ${this.memberId}`);
-      this.memberTag = null;
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.error({err}, `Error clearing tag for ${this.memberId}`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  async kickMember(cs) {
-    assert(cs.isInConference);
-    try {
-      await this.ep.api('conference', [this.confName, 'kick', this.memberId]);
-      this.logger.info(`Conference:kickMember: kick ${this.memberId} out of conference ${this.confName}`);
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.error({err}, `Error kicking member out of conference for ${this.memberId}`);
-    }
-  }
-
 }

 module.exports = Conference;
--- a/lib/tasks/config.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/config.js
@@ -1,22 +1,15 @@
 const Task = require('./task');
 const {TaskName, TaskPreconditions} = require('../utils/constants');
-const parseDecibels = require('../utils/parse-decibels');

 class TaskConfig extends Task {
  constructor(logger, opts) {
    super(logger, opts);
-
    [
      'synthesizer',
      'recognizer',
      'bargeIn',
      'record',
-      'listen',
-      'transcribe',
-      'fillerNoise',
-      'actionHookDelayAction',
-      'boostAudioSignal',
-      'vad'
+      'listen'
    ].forEach((k) => this[k] = this.data[k] || {});

    if ('notifyEvents' in this.data) {
@@ -37,13 +30,6 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
        if (this.bargeIn[k]) this.gatherOpts[k] = this.bargeIn[k];
      });
    }
-    if (this.transcribe?.enable) {
-      this.transcribeOpts = {
-        verb: 'transcribe',
-        ...this.transcribe
-      };
-      delete this.transcribeOpts.enable;
-    }

    if (this.data.reset) {
      if (typeof this.data.reset === 'string') this.data.reset = [this.data.reset];
@@ -51,12 +37,7 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
    else this.data.reset = [];

    if (this.bargeIn.sticky) this.autoEnable = true;
-    this.preconditions = (this.bargeIn.enable ||
-      this.record?.action ||
-      this.listen?.url ||
-      this.data.amd ||
-      'boostAudioSignal' in this.data ||
-      this.transcribe?.enable) ?
+    this.preconditions = (this.bargeIn.enable || this.record?.action || this.listen?.url || this.data.amd) ?
      TaskPreconditions.Endpoint :
      TaskPreconditions.None;

@@ -69,10 +50,6 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
  get hasRecognizer() { return Object.keys(this.recognizer).length; }
  get hasRecording() { return Object.keys(this.record).length; }
  get hasListen() { return Object.keys(this.listen).length; }
-  get hasTranscribe() { return Object.keys(this.transcribe).length; }
-  get hasDub() { return Object.keys(this.dub).length; }
-  get hasVad() { return Object.keys(this.vad).length; }
-  get hasFillerNoise() { return Object.keys(this.fillerNoise).length; }

  get summary() {
    const phrase = [];
@@ -95,14 +72,9 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
    if (this.hasListen) {
      phrase.push(this.listen.enable ? `listen ${this.listen.url}` : 'stop listen');
    }
-    if (this.hasTranscribe) {
-      phrase.push(this.transcribe.enable ? `transcribe ${this.transcribe.transcriptionHook}` : 'stop transcribe');
-    }
-    if (this.hasFillerNoise) phrase.push(`fillerNoise ${this.fillerNoise.enable ? 'on' : 'off'}`);
    if (this.data.amd) phrase.push('enable amd');
    if (this.notifyEvents) phrase.push(`event notification ${this.notifyEvents ? 'on' : 'off'}`);
    if (this.onHoldMusic) phrase.push(`onHoldMusic: ${this.onHoldMusic}`);
-    if ('boostAudioSignal' in this.data) phrase.push(`setGain ${this.data.boostAudioSignal}`);
    return `${this.name}{${phrase.join(',')}}`;
  }

@@ -137,12 +109,12 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
    });

    if (this.hasSynthesizer) {
-      cs.synthesizer = this.synthesizer;
      cs.speechSynthesisVendor = this.synthesizer.vendor !== 'default'
        ? this.synthesizer.vendor
        : cs.speechSynthesisVendor;
-      cs.speechSynthesisLabel = this.synthesizer.label === 'default'
-        ? cs.speechSynthesisLabel : this.synthesizer.label;
+      cs.speechSynthesisLabel = this.synthesizer.label !== 'default'
+        ? this.synthesizer.label
+        : cs.speechSynthesisLabel;
      cs.speechSynthesisLanguage = this.synthesizer.language !== 'default'
        ?  this.synthesizer.language
        : cs.speechSynthesisLanguage;
@@ -154,25 +126,24 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisVendor = this.synthesizer.fallbackVendor !== 'default'
        ? this.synthesizer.fallbackVendor
        : cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisVendor;
-      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLabel = this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel === 'default'
-        ? cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLabel : this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel;
+      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLabel = this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel !== 'default'
+        ? this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel
+        : cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLabel;
      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLanguage = this.synthesizer.fallbackLanguage !== 'default'
        ?  this.synthesizer.fallbackLanguage
        : cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLanguage;
      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisVoice = this.synthesizer.fallbackVoice !== 'default'
        ? this.synthesizer.fallbackVoice
        : cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisVoice;
-      // new vendor is set, reset fallback vendor
-      cs.hasFallbackTts = false;
      this.logger.info({synthesizer: this.synthesizer}, 'Config: updated synthesizer');
    }
    if (this.hasRecognizer) {
-      cs.recognizer = this.recognizer;
      cs.speechRecognizerVendor = this.recognizer.vendor !== 'default'
        ? this.recognizer.vendor
        : cs.speechRecognizerVendor;
-      cs.speechRecognizerLabel = this.recognizer.label === 'default'
-        ? cs.speechRecognizerLabel : this.recognizer.label;
+      cs.speechRecognizerLabel = this.recognizer.label !== 'default'
+        ? this.recognizer.label
+        : cs.speechRecognizerLabel;
      cs.speechRecognizerLanguage = this.recognizer.language !== 'default'
        ? this.recognizer.language
        : cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
@@ -181,9 +152,9 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
      cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerVendor = this.recognizer.fallbackVendor !== 'default'
        ? this.recognizer.fallbackVendor
        : cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerVendor;
-      cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel = this.recognizer.fallbackLabel === 'default' ?
-        cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel :
-        this.recognizer.fallbackLabel;
+      cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel = this.recognizer.fallbackLabel !== 'default'
+        ? this.recognizer.fallbackLabel
+        : cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel;
      cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLanguage = this.recognizer.fallbackLanguage !== 'default'
        ? this.recognizer.fallbackLanguage
        : cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLanguage;
@@ -207,8 +178,6 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
      if ('punctuation' in this.recognizer) {
        cs.globalSttPunctuation = this.recognizer.punctuation;
      }
-      // new vendor is set, reset fallback vendor
-      cs.hasFallbackAsr = false;
      this.logger.info({
        recognizer: this.recognizer,
        isContinuousAsr: cs.isContinuousAsr
@@ -241,63 +210,15 @@ class TaskConfig extends Task {
      const {enable, ...opts} = this.listen;
      if (enable) {
        this.logger.debug({opts}, 'Config: enabling listen');
-        cs.startBackgroundTask('listen', {verb: 'listen', ...opts});
+        cs.startBackgroundListen({verb: 'listen', ...opts});
      } else {
        this.logger.info('Config: disabling listen');
-        cs.stopBackgroundTask('listen');
+        cs.stopBackgroundListen();
      }
    }
-    if (this.hasTranscribe) {
-      if (this.transcribe.enable) {
-        if (!this.transcribeOpts.recognizer) {
-          this.transcribeOpts.recognizer = this.hasRecognizer ?
-            this.recognizer :
-            {
-              vendor: cs.speechRecognizerVendor,
-              language: cs.speechRecognizerLanguage
-            };
-        }
-        this.logger.debug(this.transcribeOpts, 'Config: enabling transcribe');
-        cs.startBackgroundTask('transcribe', this.transcribeOpts);
-      } else {
-        this.logger.info('Config: disabling transcribe');
-        cs.stopBackgroundTask('transcribe');
-      }
-    }
-    if (Object.keys(this.actionHookDelayAction).length !== 0) {
-      cs.actionHookDelayProperties = this.actionHookDelayAction;
-    }
    if (this.data.sipRequestWithinDialogHook) {
      cs.sipRequestWithinDialogHook = this.data.sipRequestWithinDialogHook;
    }
-
-    if ('boostAudioSignal' in this.data) {
-      const db = parseDecibels(this.data.boostAudioSignal);
-      this.logger.info(`Config: boosting audio signal by ${db} dB`);
-      const args = [ep.uuid, 'setGain', db];
-      ep.api('uuid_dub', args).catch((err) => {
-        this.logger.error(err, 'Error boosting audio signal');
-      });
-    }
-
-    if (this.hasFillerNoise) {
-      const {enable, ...opts} = this.fillerNoise;
-      this.logger.info({fillerNoise: this.fillerNoise}, 'Config: fillerNoise');
-      if (!enable) cs.disableFillerNoise();
-      else {
-        cs.enableFillerNoise(opts);
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (this.hasVad) {
-      cs.vad = {
-        enable: this.vad.enable || false,
-        voiceMs: this.vad.voiceMs || 250,
-        silenceMs: this.vad.silenceMs || 150,
-        strategy: this.vad.strategy || 'one-shot',
-        mode: this.vad.mod || 2
-      };
-    }
  }

  async kill(cs) {
--- a/lib/tasks/dequeue.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/dequeue.js
@@ -73,8 +73,7 @@ class TaskDequeue extends Task {
        try {
          let url;
          if (this.callSid) {
-            const r = await retrieveByPatternSortedSet(this.queueName, `*${this.callSid}`);
-            url = r[0];
+            url = await retrieveByPatternSortedSet(this.queueName, `*${this.callSid}`);
          } else {
            url = await retrieveFromSortedSet(this.queueName);
          }
--- a/lib/tasks/dial.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/dial.js
@@ -14,11 +14,10 @@ const sessionTracker = require('../session/session-tracker');
 const DtmfCollector = require('../utils/dtmf-collector');
 const ConfirmCallSession = require('../session/confirm-call-session');
 const dbUtils = require('../utils/db-utils');
-const parseDecibels = require('../utils/parse-decibels');
 const debug = require('debug')('jambonz:feature-server');
 const {parseUri} = require('drachtio-srf');
 const {ANCHOR_MEDIA_ALWAYS, JAMBONZ_DISABLE_DIAL_PAI_HEADER} = require('../config');
-const { isOnhold, isOpusFirst } = require('../utils/sdp-utils');
+const { isOnhold } = require('../utils/sdp-utils');
 const { normalizeJambones } = require('@jambonz/verb-specifications');

 function parseDtmfOptions(logger, dtmfCapture) {
@@ -101,8 +100,6 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
    this.referHook = this.data.referHook;
    this.dtmfHook = this.data.dtmfHook;
    this.proxy = this.data.proxy;
-    this.tag = this.data.tag;
-    this.boostAudioSignal = this.data.boostAudioSignal;

    if (this.dtmfHook) {
      const {parentDtmfCollector, childDtmfCollector} = parseDtmfOptions(logger, this.data.dtmfCapture || {});
@@ -120,9 +117,6 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
    if (this.data.transcribe) {
      this.transcribeTask = makeTask(logger, {'transcribe' : this.data.transcribe}, this);
    }
-    if (this.data.dub && Array.isArray(this.data.dub) && this.data.dub.length > 0) {
-      this.dubTasks = this.data.dub.map((d) => makeTask(logger, {'dub': d}, this));
-    }

    this.results = {};
    this.bridged = false;
@@ -144,17 +138,15 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {

  get name() { return TaskName.Dial; }

-  get isOnHoldEnabled() {
-    return !!this.data.onHoldHook;
+  get isOnHold() {
+    return this.isIncomingLegHold || this.isOutgoingLegHold;
  }

  get canReleaseMedia() {
    const keepAnchor = this.data.anchorMedia ||
    this.cs.isBackGroundListen ||
-    this.cs.onHoldMusic ||
    ANCHOR_MEDIA_ALWAYS ||
    this.listenTask ||
-    this.dubTasks ||
    this.transcribeTask ||
    this.startAmd;

@@ -331,7 +323,7 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
        const by = parseUri(req.getParsedHeader('Referred-By').uri);
        this.logger.info({to}, 'refer to parsed');
        const json = await cs.requestor.request('verb:hook', this.referHook, {
-          ...(callInfo.toJSON()),
+          ...callInfo,
          refer_details: {
            sip_refer_to: req.get('Refer-To'),
            sip_referred_by: req.get('Referred-By'),
@@ -496,8 +488,7 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
      headers: this.headers,
      proxy: `sip:${sbcAddress}`,
      callingNumber: this.callerId || req.callingNumber,
-      ...(this.callerName && {callingName: this.callerName}),
-      opusFirst: isOpusFirst(this.cs.ep.remote.sdp)
+      ...(this.callerName && {callingName: this.callerName})
    };

    const t = this.target.find((t) => t.type === 'teams');
@@ -557,9 +548,9 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
          const str = this.callerId || req.callingNumber || '';
          const callingNumber = str.startsWith('+') ? str.substring(1) : str;
          const voip_carrier_sid = await lookupCarrierByPhoneNumber(cs.accountSid, callingNumber);
+          this.logger.info(
+            `Dial:_attemptCalls: selected ${voip_carrier_sid} for requested phone number: ${callingNumber}`);
          if (voip_carrier_sid) {
-            this.logger.info(
-              `Dial:_attemptCalls: selected voip_carrier_sid ${voip_carrier_sid} for callingNumber: ${callingNumber}`);
            opts.headers['X-Requested-Carrier-Sid'] = voip_carrier_sid;
          }
        }
@@ -578,8 +569,7 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
          accountInfo: cs.accountInfo,
          rootSpan: cs.rootSpan,
          startSpan: this.startSpan.bind(this),
-          dialTask: this,
-          onHoldMusic: this.cs.onHoldMusic
+          dialTask: this
        });
        this.dials.set(sd.callSid, sd);

@@ -636,8 +626,6 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
              await this._connectSingleDial(cs, sd);
            } catch (err) {
              this.logger.info({err}, 'Dial:_attemptCalls - Error calling _connectSingleDial ');
-              sd.removeAllListeners();
-              this.kill(cs);
            }
          })
          .on('decline', () => {
@@ -690,43 +678,22 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
  async _onReinvite(req, res) {
    try {
      let isHandled = false;
-      if (this.isOnHoldEnabled) {
-        if (isOnhold(req.body)) {
-          this.logger.debug('Dial: _onReinvite receive hold Request');
-          if (!this.epOther && !this.ep) {
-            this.logger.debug(`Dial: _onReinvite receive hold Request,
- media already released, reconnect media server`);
-            // update caller leg for new SDP from callee.
-            await this.cs.handleReinviteAfterMediaReleased(req, res);
-            // Freeswitch media is released, reconnect
-            await this.reAnchorMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
-            this.isOutgoingLegHold = true;
-          } else {
-            this.logger.debug('Dial: _onReinvite receive hold Request, update SDP');
-            const newSdp = await this.ep.modify(req.body);
-            res.send(200, {body: newSdp});
-          }
+      if (this.cs.onHoldMusic) {
+        if (isOnhold(req.body) && !this.epOther && !this.ep) {
+          await this.cs.handleReinviteAfterMediaReleased(req, res);
+          // Onhold but media is already released
+          // reconnect A Leg and Response B leg
+          await this.reAnchorMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
+          this.isOutgoingLegHold = true;
          isHandled = true;
-          // Media already connected, ask for onHoldHook
-          this._onHoldHook(req);
-        } else if (!isOnhold(req.body)) {
-          this.logger.debug('Dial: _onReinvite receive unhold Request');
-          if (this.epOther && this.ep && this.isOutgoingLegHold && this.canReleaseMedia) {
-            this.logger.debug('Dial: _onReinvite receive unhold Request, release media');
-            // Offhold, time to release media
-            const newSdp = await this.ep.modify(req.body);
-            await res.send(200, {body: newSdp});
-            await this._releaseMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
-            this.isOutgoingLegHold = false;
-          } else {
-            this.logger.debug('Dial: _onReinvite receive unhold Request, update media server');
-            const newSdp = await this.ep.modify(req.body);
-            res.send(200, {body: newSdp});
-          }
-          if (this._onHoldSession) {
-            this._onHoldSession.kill();
-          }
+          this._onHoldHook();
+        } else if (!isOnhold(req.body) && this.epOther && this.ep && this.isOutgoingLegHold && this.canReleaseMedia) {
+          // Offhold, time to release media
+          const newSdp = await this.ep.modify(req.body);
+          await res.send(200, {body: newSdp});
+          await this._releaseMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
          isHandled = true;
+          this.isOutgoingLegHold = false;
        }
      }
      if (!isHandled) {
@@ -787,17 +754,6 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
      dialCallSid: sd.callSid,
    });

-    if (this.dubTasks) {
-      for (const dub of this.dubTasks) {
-        try {
-          await dub.exec(cs, {ep: sd.ep});
-        }
-        catch (err) {
-          this.logger.error({err}, 'Dial:_selectSingleDial - error executing dubTask');
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
    if (this.parentDtmfCollector) this._installDtmfDetection(cs, cs.dlg);
    if (this.childDtmfCollector) this._installDtmfDetection(cs, this.dlg);
    if (cs.sipRequestWithinDialogHook) this._initSipIndialogRequestListener(cs, this.dlg);
@@ -812,18 +768,6 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
      }
    }

-    /* boost audio signal if requested */
-    if (this.boostAudioSignal) {
-      try {
-        const db = parseDecibels(this.boostAudioSignal);
-        this.logger.info(`Dial: boosting audio signal by ${db} dB`);
-        const args = [this.ep.uuid, 'setGain', db];
-        await this.ep.api('uuid_dub', args);
-      } catch (err) {
-        this.logger.info({err}, 'Dial:_selectSingleDial - Error boosting audio signal');
-      }
-    }
-
    /* if we can release the media back to the SBC, do so now */
    if (this.canReleaseMedia) setTimeout(this._releaseMedia.bind(this, cs, sd), 200);
  }
@@ -846,11 +790,9 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
    assert(cs.ep && sd.ep);

    try {
-      // Wait until we got new SDP from B leg to ofter to A Leg
      const aLegSdp = cs.ep.remote.sdp;
-      await sd.releaseMediaToSBC(aLegSdp, cs.ep.local.sdp);
      const bLegSdp = sd.dlg.remote.sdp;
-      await cs.releaseMediaToSBC(bLegSdp);
+      await Promise.all[sd.releaseMediaToSBC(aLegSdp, cs.ep.local.sdp), cs.releaseMediaToSBC(bLegSdp)];
      this.epOther = null;
      this.logger.info('Dial:_releaseMedia - successfully released media from freewitch');
    } catch (err) {
@@ -866,34 +808,23 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
    this.epOther = cs.ep;
  }

-  // Handle RE-INVITE hold from caller leg.
  async handleReinviteAfterMediaReleased(req, res) {
    let isHandled = false;
-    if (this.isOnHoldEnabled) {
-      if (isOnhold(req.body)) {
-        if (!this.epOther && !this.ep) {
-          // update callee leg for new SDP from caller.
-          const sdp = await this.dlg.modify(req.body);
-          res.send(200, {body: sdp});
-          // Onhold but media is already released, reconnect
-          await this.reAnchorMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
-          isHandled = true;
-          this.isIncomingLegHold = true;
-        }
-        this._onHoldHook(req);
-      } else if (!isOnhold(req.body)) {
-        if (this.epOther && this.ep && this.isIncomingLegHold && this.canReleaseMedia) {
-          // Offhold, time to release media
-          const newSdp = await this.epOther.modify(req.body);
-          await res.send(200, {body: newSdp});
-          await this._releaseMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
-          isHandled = true;
-        }
-        this.isIncomingLegHold = false;
-        if (this._onHoldSession) {
-          this._onHoldSession.kill();
-        }
-      }
+    if (isOnhold(req.body) && !this.epOther && !this.ep) {
+      const sdp = await this.dlg.modify(req.body);
+      res.send(200, {body: sdp});
+      // Onhold but media is already released
+      await this.reAnchorMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
+      isHandled = true;
+      this.isIncomingLegHold = true;
+      this._onHoldHook();
+    } else if (!isOnhold(req.body) && this.epOther && this.ep && this.isIncomingLegHold && this.canReleaseMedia) {
+      // Offhold, time to release media
+      const newSdp = await this.epOther.modify(req.body);
+      await res.send(200, {body: newSdp});
+      await this._releaseMedia(this.cs, this.sd);
+      isHandled = true;
+      this.isIncomingLegHold = false;
    }

    if (!isHandled) {
@@ -912,7 +843,7 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
      });
  }

-  async _onHoldHook(req, allowed = [TaskName.Play, TaskName.Say, TaskName.Pause]) {
+  async _onHoldHook(allowed = [TaskName.Play, TaskName.Say, TaskName.Pause]) {
    if (this.data.onHoldHook) {
      // send silence for keep Voice quality
      await this.epOther.play('silence_stream://500');
@@ -922,13 +853,7 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
          const b3 = this.getTracingPropagation();
          const httpHeaders = b3 && {b3};
          const json = await this.cs.application.requestor.
-            request('verb:hook', this.data.onHoldHook, {
-              ...this.cs.callInfo.toJSON(),
-              hold_detail: {
-                from: req.get('From'),
-                to: req.get('To')
-              }
-            }, httpHeaders);
+            request('verb:hook', this.data.onHoldHook, this.cs.callInfo.toJSON(), httpHeaders);
          const tasks = normalizeJambones(this.logger, json).map((tdata) => makeTask(this.logger, tdata));
          allowedTasks = tasks.filter((t) => allowed.includes(t.name));
          if (tasks.length !== allowedTasks.length) {
@@ -937,7 +862,7 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
          }
          this.logger.debug(`DialTask:_onHoldHook: executing ${tasks.length} tasks`);
          if (tasks.length) {
-            this._onHoldSession = new ConfirmCallSession({
+            this._playSession = new ConfirmCallSession({
              logger: this.logger,
              application: this.cs.application,
              dlg: this.isIncomingLegHold ? this.dlg : this.cs.dlg,
@@ -947,12 +872,12 @@ class TaskDial extends Task {
              tasks,
              rootSpan: this.cs.rootSpan
            });
-            await this._onHoldSession.exec();
-            this._onHoldSession = null;
+            await this._playSession.exec();
+            this._playSession = null;
          }
        } catch (error) {
          this.logger.info(error, 'DialTask:_onHoldHook: failed retrieving waitHook');
-          this._onHoldSession = null;
+          this._playSession = null;
          break;
        }
      } while (allowedTasks && allowedTasks.length > 0 && !this.killed && this.isOnHold);
--- a/lib/tasks/dub.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/dub.js
@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-const {TaskName} = require('../utils/constants');
-const TtsTask = require('./tts-task');
-const assert = require('assert');
-const parseDecibels = require('../utils/parse-decibels');
-
-/**
- * Dub task: add or remove additional audio tracks into the call
- */
-class TaskDub extends TtsTask {
-  constructor(logger, opts, parentTask) {
-    super(logger, opts, parentTask);
-
-    this.logger.debug({opts: this.data}, 'TaskDub constructor');
-    ['action', 'track', 'play', 'say', 'loop'].forEach((prop) => {
-      this[prop] = this.data[prop];
-    });
-    this.gain = parseDecibels(this.data.gain);
-
-    assert.ok(this.action, 'TaskDub: action is required');
-    assert.ok(this.track, 'TaskDub: track is required');
-  }
-
-  get name() { return TaskName.Dub; }
-
-  async exec(cs, {ep}) {
-    super.exec(cs);
-
-    try {
-      switch (this.action) {
-        case 'addTrack':
-          await this._addTrack(cs, ep);
-          break;
-        case 'removeTrack':
-          await this._removeTrack(cs, ep);
-          break;
-        case 'silenceTrack':
-          await this._silenceTrack(cs, ep);
-          break;
-        case 'playOnTrack':
-          await this._playOnTrack(cs, ep);
-          break;
-        case 'sayOnTrack':
-          await this._sayOnTrack(cs, ep);
-          break;
-        default:
-          throw new Error(`TaskDub: unsupported action ${this.action}`);
-      }
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.error(err, 'Error executing dub task');
-    }
-  }
-
-  async _addTrack(cs, ep) {
-    this.logger.info(`adding track: ${this.track}`);
-    await ep.dub({
-      action: 'addTrack',
-      track: this.track
-    });
-
-    if (this.play) await this._playOnTrack(cs, ep);
-    else if (this.say) await this._sayOnTrack(cs, ep);
-  }
-
-  async _removeTrack(_cs, ep) {
-    this.logger.info(`removing track: ${this.track}`);
-    await ep.dub({
-      action: 'removeTrack',
-      track: this.track
-    });
-  }
-
-  async _silenceTrack(_cs, ep) {
-    this.logger.info(`silencing track: ${this.track}`);
-    await ep.dub({
-      action: 'silenceTrack',
-      track: this.track
-    });
-  }
-
-  async _playOnTrack(_cs, ep) {
-    this.logger.info(`playing on track: ${this.track}`);
-    await ep.dub({
-      action: 'playOnTrack',
-      track: this.track,
-      play: this.play,
-      loop: this.loop ? 'loop' : 'once',
-      gain: this.gain
-    });
-  }
-
-  async _sayOnTrack(cs, ep) {
-    const text = this.say.text || this.say;
-    this.synthesizer = this.say.synthesizer || {};
-
-    if (Object.keys(this.synthesizer).length) {
-      this.logger.info({synthesizer: this.synthesizer},
-        `saying on track ${this.track}: ${text} with synthesizer options`);
-    }
-    else {
-      this.logger.info(`saying on track ${this.track}: ${text}`);
-    }
-    this.synthesizer = this.synthesizer || {};
-
-    this.text = [text];
-
-    const vendor = this.synthesizer.vendor && this.synthesizer.vendor !== 'default' ?
-      this.synthesizer.vendor :
-      cs.speechSynthesisVendor;
-    const language = this.synthesizer.language && this.synthesizer.language !== 'default' ?
-      this.synthesizer.language :
-      cs.speechSynthesisLanguage ;
-    const voice =  this.synthesizer.voice && this.synthesizer.voice !== 'default' ?
-      this.synthesizer.voice :
-      cs.speechSynthesisVoice;
-    const label = this.synthesizer.label && this.synthesizer.label !== 'default' ?
-      this.synthesizer.label :
-      cs.speechSynthesisLabel;
-
-    const disableTtsStreaming = false;
-    const filepath = await this._synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep, {
-      vendor, language, voice, label, disableTtsStreaming
-    });
-    assert.ok(filepath.length === 1, 'TaskDub: no filepath returned from synthesizer');
-
-    const path = filepath[0];
-    if (!path.startsWith('say:{')) {
-      /* we have a local file of mp3 or r8 of synthesized speech audio to play */
-      this.logger.info(`playing synthesized speech from file on track ${this.track}: ${path}`);
-      this.play = path;
-      await this._playOnTrack(cs, ep);
-    }
-    else {
-      this.logger.info(`doing actual text to speech file on track ${this.track}: ${path}`);
-      await ep.dub({
-        action: 'sayOnTrack',
-        track: this.track,
-        say: path,
-        gain: this.gain
-      });
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module.exports = TaskDub;
--- a/lib/tasks/enqueue.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/enqueue.js
@@ -338,7 +338,6 @@ class TaskEnqueue extends Task {
      this.logger.error({err}, `TaskEnqueue:_playHook error retrieving list info for queue ${this.queueName}`);
    }
    const json = await cs.application.requestor.request('verb:hook', hook, params, httpHeaders);
-    this.logger.debug({json}, 'TaskEnqueue:_playHook: received response from waitHook');
    const tasks = normalizeJambones(this.logger, json).map((tdata) => makeTask(this.logger, tdata));

    const allowedTasks = tasks.filter((t) => allowed.includes(t.name));
--- a/lib/tasks/gather.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/gather.js
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@ const {
  IbmTranscriptionEvents,
  NvidiaTranscriptionEvents,
  JambonzTranscriptionEvents,
-  AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents,
-  VadDetection,
-  VerbioTranscriptionEvents
+  AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents
 } = require('../utils/constants.json');
 const {
  JAMBONES_GATHER_EARLY_HINTS_MATCH,
@@ -29,13 +27,9 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    [
      'finishOnKey', 'input', 'numDigits', 'minDigits', 'maxDigits',
      'interDigitTimeout', 'partialResultHook', 'bargein', 'dtmfBargein',
-      'speechTimeout', 'timeout', 'say', 'play', 'actionHookDelayAction', 'fillerNoise', 'vad'
+      'speechTimeout', 'timeout', 'say', 'play'
    ].forEach((k) => this[k] = this.data[k]);

-    // gather default input is digits
-    if (!this.input) {
-      this.input = ['digits'];
-    }
    /* when collecting dtmf, bargein on dtmf is true unless explicitly set to false */
    if (this.dtmfBargein !== false  && this.input.includes('digits')) this.dtmfBargein = true;

@@ -43,8 +37,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    this.timeout = this.timeout === 0 ? 0 : (this.timeout || 15) * 1000;
    this.interim = !!this.partialResultHook || this.bargein || (this.timeout > 0);
    this.listenDuringPrompt = this.data.listenDuringPrompt === false ? false : true;
-    this.minBargeinWordCount = this.data.minBargeinWordCount !== undefined ? this.data.minBargeinWordCount : 1;
-    this._vadEnabled = this.minBargeinWordCount === 0;
+    this.minBargeinWordCount = this.data.minBargeinWordCount || 1;
    if (this.data.recognizer) {
      /* continuous ASR (i.e. compile transcripts until a special timeout or dtmf key) */
      this.asrTimeout = typeof this.data.recognizer.asrTimeout === 'number' ?
@@ -78,7 +71,6 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    /* buffer speech for continuous asr */
    this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
    this.partialTranscriptsCount = 0;
-    this.bugname_prefix = 'gather_';
  }

  get name() { return TaskName.Gather; }
@@ -94,18 +86,6 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      (this.playTask && this.playTask.earlyMedia);
  }

-  get hasFillerNoise() {
-    return Object.keys(this.fillerNoise).length > 0 && this.fillerNoise.enabled !== false;
-  }
-
-  get fillerNoiseUrl() {
-    return this.fillerNoise.url;
-  }
-
-  get fillerNoiseStartDelaySecs() {
-    return this.fillerNoise.startDelaySecs;
-  }
-
  get summary() {
    let s = `${this.name}{`;
    if (this.input.length === 2) s += 'inputs=[speech,digits],';
@@ -117,26 +97,15 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    }
    if (this.sayTask) s += ',with nested say task';
    if (this.playTask) s += ',with nested play task';
-    if (this.actionHookDelayAction) s += ',with actionHookDelayAction';
    s += '}';
    return s;
  }

  async exec(cs, {ep}) {
    this.logger.debug({options: this.data}, 'Gather:exec');
-    await super.exec(cs, {ep});
+    await super.exec(cs);
    const {updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed} = require('../utils/db-utils')(this.logger, cs.srf);

-    this.fillerNoise = {
-      ...(cs.fillerNoise || {}),
-      ...(this.fillerNoise || {})
-    };
-
-    this.vad = {
-      ...(cs.vad || {}),
-      ...(this.vad || {})
-    };
-
    if (cs.hasGlobalSttHints && !this.maskGlobalSttHints) {
      const {hints, hintsBoost} = cs.globalSttHints;
      const setOfHints = new Set((this.data.recognizer.hints || [])
@@ -147,6 +116,14 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      this.logger.debug({hints: this.data.recognizer.hints, hintsBoost: this.data.recognizer.hintsBoost},
        'Gather:exec - applying global sttHints');
    }
+    if (cs.hasAltLanguages) {
+      this.data.recognizer.altLanguages = this.data.recognizer.altLanguages.concat(cs.altLanguages);
+      this.logger.debug({altLanguages: this.data.recognizer?.altLanguages},
+        'Gather:exec - applying altLanguages');
+    }
+    if (cs.hasGlobalSttPunctuation && !this.data.recognizer.punctuation) {
+      this.data.recognizer.punctuation = cs.globalSttPunctuation;
+    }
    if (!this.isContinuousAsr && cs.isContinuousAsr) {
      this.isContinuousAsr = true;
      this.asrTimeout = cs.asrTimeout * 1000;
@@ -165,22 +142,57 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      this.logger.debug('Gather:exec - early hints match enabled');
    }

-    // if we have actionHook delay, and the session does as well, stash the session config
-    if (this.actionHookDelayAction) {
-      if (cs.actionHookDelayProcessor) {
-        this.logger.debug('Gather:exec - stashing session-level ahd proprerties');
-        cs.stashActionHookDelayProperties();
-      }
-      cs.actionHookDelayProperties = this.actionHookDelayAction;
+    this.ep = ep;
+    if ('default' === this.vendor || !this.vendor) {
+      this.vendor = cs.speechRecognizerVendor;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.vendor = this.vendor;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.language || !this.language) {
+      this.language = cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.language = this.language;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.label || !this.label) {
+      this.label = cs.speechRecognizerLabel;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.label = this.label;
+    }
+    // Fallback options
+    if ('default' === this.fallbackVendor || !this.fallbackVendor) {
+      this.fallbackVendor = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerVendor;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackVendor = this.fallbackVendor;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.fallbackLanguage || !this.fallbackLanguage) {
+      this.fallbackLanguage = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLanguage;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackLanguage = this.fallbackLanguage;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.fallbackLabel || !this.fallbackLabel) {
+      this.fallbackLabel = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackLabel = this.fallbackLabel;
+    }
+    if (!this.data.recognizer.vendor) {
+      this.data.recognizer.vendor = this.vendor;
+    }
+    if (this.vendor === 'cobalt' && !this.data.recognizer.model) {
+      // By default, application saves cobalt model in language
+      this.data.recognizer.model = cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
    }

-    this._startVad();
-
-    const startDtmfListener = () => {
-      if (this.input.includes('digits') || this.dtmfBargein || this.asrDtmfTerminationDigit) {
-        ep.on('dtmf', this._onDtmf.bind(this, cs, ep));
+    if (this.needsStt && !this.sttCredentials) {
+      try {
+        this.sttCredentials = await this._initSpeechCredentials(cs, this.vendor, this.label);
+      } catch (error) {
+        if (this.fallbackVendor && this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider) {
+          await this._fallback();
+        } else {
+          throw error;
+        }
      }
-    };
+    }
+
+    /* when using cobalt model is required */
+    if (this.vendor === 'cobalt' && !this.data.recognizer.model) {
+      this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error', details:'Cobalt requires a model to be specified'});
+      throw new Error('Cobalt requires a model to be specified');
+    }

    const startListening = async(cs, ep) => {
      this._startTimer();
@@ -195,7 +207,12 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
          this._startTranscribing(ep);
          return updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(this.sttCredentials.speech_credential_sid);
        } catch (e) {
-          await this._startFallback(cs, ep, {error: e});
+          if (this.fallbackVendor && this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider) {
+            await this._fallback();
+            startListening(cs, ep);
+          } else {
+            this.logger.error({error: e}, 'error in initSpeech');
+          }
        }
      }
    };
@@ -203,12 +220,13 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    try {
      if (this.sayTask) {
        const {span, ctx} = this.startChildSpan(`nested:${this.sayTask.summary}`);
-        const process = () => {
+        this.sayTask.span = span;
+        this.sayTask.ctx = ctx;
+        this.sayTask.exec(cs, {ep});  // kicked off, _not_ waiting for it to complete
+        this.sayTask.on('playDone', (err) => {
+          span.end();
+          if (err) this.logger.error({err}, 'Gather:exec Error playing tts');
          this.logger.debug('Gather: nested say task completed');
-          if (!this.listenDuringPrompt) {
-            startDtmfListener();
-          }
-          this._stopVad();
          if (!this.killed) {
            startListening(cs, ep);
            if (this.input.includes('speech') && this.vendor === 'nuance' && this.listenDuringPrompt) {
@@ -218,27 +236,17 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
              });
            }
          }
-        };
-        this.sayTask.span = span;
-        this.sayTask.ctx = ctx;
-        this.sayTask.exec(cs, {ep})  // kicked off, _not_ waiting for it to complete
-          .catch((err) => {
-            process();
-          });
-        this.sayTask.on('playDone', (err) => {
-          span.end();
-          if (err) this.logger.error({err}, 'Gather:exec Error playing tts');
-          process();
        });
      }
      else if (this.playTask) {
        const {span, ctx} = this.startChildSpan(`nested:${this.playTask.summary}`);
-        const process = () => {
+        this.playTask.span = span;
+        this.playTask.ctx = ctx;
+        this.playTask.exec(cs, {ep});  // kicked off, _not_ waiting for it to complete
+        this.playTask.on('playDone', (err) => {
+          span.end();
+          if (err) this.logger.error({err}, 'Gather:exec Error playing url');
          this.logger.debug('Gather: nested play task completed');
-          if (!this.listenDuringPrompt) {
-            startDtmfListener();
-          }
-          this._stopVad();
          if (!this.killed) {
            startListening(cs, ep);
            if (this.input.includes('speech') && this.vendor === 'nuance' && this.listenDuringPrompt) {
@@ -248,17 +256,6 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
              });
            }
          }
-        };
-        this.playTask.span = span;
-        this.playTask.ctx = ctx;
-        this.playTask.exec(cs, {ep})  // kicked off, _not_ waiting for it to complete
-          .catch((err) => {
-            process();
-          });
-        this.playTask.on('playDone', (err) => {
-          span.end();
-          if (err) this.logger.error({err}, 'Gather:exec Error playing url');
-          process();
        });
      }
      else {
@@ -271,38 +268,30 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {

      if (this.input.includes('speech') && this.listenDuringPrompt) {
        await this._setSpeechHandlers(cs, ep);
-        if (!this.resolved && !this.killed) {
-          this._startTranscribing(ep);
-          updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(this.sttCredentials.speech_credential_sid)
-            .catch(() => {/*already logged error */});
-        }
-        else {
-          this.logger.info('Gather:exec - task was killed or resolved quickly, not starting transcription');
-        }
+        this._startTranscribing(ep);
+        updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(this.sttCredentials.speech_credential_sid)
+          .catch(() => {/*already logged error */});
      }

-      if (this.listenDuringPrompt) {
-        startDtmfListener();
+      if (this.input.includes('digits') || this.dtmfBargein || this.asrDtmfTerminationDigit) {
+        ep.on('dtmf', this._onDtmf.bind(this, cs, ep));
      }

      await this.awaitTaskDone();
-      this._killAudio(cs);
    } catch (err) {
      this.logger.error(err, 'TaskGather:exec error');
    }
-    this.removeCustomEventListeners();
+    this.removeSpeechListeners(ep);
  }

  kill(cs) {
    super.kill(cs);
    this._killAudio(cs);
-    this._clearFillerNoiseTimer();
    this.ep.removeAllListeners('dtmf');
    clearTimeout(this.interDigitTimer);
    this._clearAsrTimer();
    this.playTask?.span.end();
    this.sayTask?.span.end();
-    this._stopVad();
    this._resolve('killed');
  }

@@ -330,16 +319,6 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      this._resolve('dtmf-terminator-key');
    }
    else if (this.input.includes('digits')) {
-      if (this.digitBuffer.length === 0 && this.needsStt) {
-        // DTMF is higher priority than STT.
-        this.removeCustomEventListeners();
-        ep.stopTranscription({
-          vendor: this.vendor,
-          bugname: this.bugname,
-        })
-          .catch((err) => this.logger.error({err},
-            ` Received DTMF, Error stopping transcription for vendor ${this.vendor}`));
-      }
      this.digitBuffer += evt.dtmf;
      const len = this.digitBuffer.length;
      if (len === this.numDigits || len === this.maxDigits) {
@@ -372,36 +351,38 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      if (this.data.recognizer?.deepgramOptions?.shortUtterance) this.shortUtterance = true;
    }

-    const opts = this.setChannelVarsForStt(this, this.sttCredentials, this.language, this.data.recognizer);
+    const opts = this.setChannelVarsForStt(this, this.sttCredentials, this.data.recognizer);
    switch (this.vendor) {
      case 'google':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}google_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, GoogleTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, GoogleTranscriptionEvents.EndOfUtterance, this._onEndOfUtterance.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        this.bugname = 'google_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.EndOfUtterance, this._onEndOfUtterance.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected, this._onVadDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;

      case 'aws':
      case 'polly':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}aws_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AwsTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        this.bugname = 'aws_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected, this._onVadDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;
      case 'microsoft':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}azure_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, AzureTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        //this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AzureTranscriptionEvents.NoSpeechDetected,
-        //this._onNoSpeechDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        this.bugname = 'azure_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.NoSpeechDetected,
+          this._onNoSpeechDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected, this._onVadDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;
      case 'nuance':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}nuance_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NuanceTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'nuance_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NuanceTranscriptionEvents.StartOfSpeech,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.StartOfSpeech,
          this._onStartOfSpeech.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NuanceTranscriptionEvents.TranscriptionComplete,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.TranscriptionComplete,
          this._onTranscriptionComplete.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected,
+          this._onVadDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));

        /* stall timers until prompt finishes playing */
        if ((this.sayTask || this.playTask) && this.listenDuringPrompt) {
@@ -410,30 +391,24 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
        break;

      case 'deepgram':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}deepgram_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+        this.bugname = 'deepgram_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
          this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep));
+
+        /* if app sets deepgramOptions.utteranceEndMs they essentially want continuous asr */
+        if (opts.DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_UTTERANCE_END_MS) this.isContinuousAsr = true;
        break;

      case 'soniox':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}soniox_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, SonioxTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        break;
-
-      case 'verbio':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}verbio_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, VerbioTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        this.bugname = 'soniox_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(SonioxTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;

      case 'cobalt':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}cobalt_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, CobaltTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        this.bugname = 'cobalt_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(CobaltTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));

        /* cobalt doesnt have language, it has model, which is required */
        if (!this.data.recognizer.model) {
@@ -462,21 +437,23 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
        break;

      case 'ibm':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}ibm_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, IbmTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, IbmTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, IbmTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+        this.bugname = 'ibm_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(IbmTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(IbmTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(IbmTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
          this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;

      case 'nvidia':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}nvidia_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'nvidia_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.StartOfSpeech,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.StartOfSpeech,
          this._onStartOfSpeech.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.TranscriptionComplete,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.TranscriptionComplete,
          this._onTranscriptionComplete.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected,
+          this._onVadDetected.bind(this, cs, ep));

        /* I think nvidia has this (??) - stall timers until prompt finishes playing */
        if ((this.sayTask || this.playTask) && this.listenDuringPrompt) {
@@ -485,22 +462,20 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
        break;

      case 'assemblyai':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}assemblyai_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'assemblyai_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(
-          ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onVendorError.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onVendorError.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
          this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;
      default:
        if (this.vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
-          this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}${this.vendor}_transcribe`;
-          this.addCustomEventListener(
-            ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
-          this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-          this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+          this.bugname = `${this.vendor}_transcribe`;
+          ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Transcription, this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
+          ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
+          ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
            this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep));
          break;
        }
@@ -512,7 +487,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    }

    /* common handler for all stt engine errors */
-    this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onJambonzError.bind(this, cs, ep));
+    ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onJambonzError.bind(this, cs, ep));
    await ep.set(opts)
      .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err, 'Error setting channel variables'));
  }
@@ -553,10 +528,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    this._clearTimer();
    this._timeoutTimer = setTimeout(() => {
      if (this.isContinuousAsr) this._startAsrTimer();
-      if (this.interDigitTimer) return; // let the inter-digit timer complete
-      else {
-        this._resolve(this.digitBuffer.length >= this.minDigits ? 'dtmf-num-digits' : 'timeout');
-      }
+      else this._resolve(this.digitBuffer.length >= this.minDigits ? 'dtmf-num-digits' : 'timeout');
    }, this.timeout);
  }

@@ -564,9 +536,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    if (this._timeoutTimer) {
      clearTimeout(this._timeoutTimer);
      this._timeoutTimer = null;
-      return true;
    }
-    return false;
  }

  _startAsrTimer() {
@@ -575,25 +545,17 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    this._clearAsrTimer();
    this._asrTimer = setTimeout(() => {
      this.logger.debug('_startAsrTimer - asr timer went off');
-      const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language, this.vendor);
+      const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language);
      this._resolve(this._bufferedTranscripts.length > 0 ? 'speech' : 'timeout', evt);
    }, this.asrTimeout);
    this.logger.debug(`_startAsrTimer: set for ${this.asrTimeout}ms`);
  }

  _clearAsrTimer() {
-    if (this._asrTimer) {
-      this.logger.debug('_clearAsrTimer: asrTimer cleared');
-      clearTimeout(this._asrTimer);
-    }
+    if (this._asrTimer) clearTimeout(this._asrTimer);
    this._asrTimer = null;
  }

-  _hangupCall() {
-    this.logger.debug('_hangupCall');
-    this.cs.hangup();
-  }
-
  _startFastRecognitionTimer(evt) {
    assert(this.fastRecognitionTimeout > 0);
    this._clearFastRecognitionTimer();
@@ -614,7 +576,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    this._clearFinalAsrTimer();
    this._finalAsrTimer = setTimeout(() => {
      this.logger.debug('_startFinalAsrTimer - final asr timer went off');
-      const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language, this.vendor);
+      const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language);
      this._resolve(this._bufferedTranscripts.length > 0 ? 'speech' : 'timeout', evt);
    }, 1000);
    this.logger.debug('_startFinalAsrTimer: set for 1 second');
@@ -625,65 +587,11 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    this._finalAsrTimer = null;
  }

-
-  _startVad() {
-    if (!this._vadStarted && this._vadEnabled) {
-      this.logger.debug('_startVad');
-      this.addCustomEventListener(this.ep, VadDetection.Detection, this._onVadDetected.bind(this, this.cs, this.ep));
-      this.ep?.startVadDetection(this.vad);
-      this._vadStarted = true;
-    }
-  }
-
-  _stopVad() {
-    if (this._vadStarted) {
-      this.logger.debug('_stopVad');
-      this.ep?.stopVadDetection(this.vad);
-      this.ep?.removeCustomEventListener(VadDetection.Detection, this._onVadDetected);
-      this._vadStarted = false;
-    }
-  }
-
-  _startFillerNoise() {
-    this.logger.debug('Gather:_startFillerNoise - playing filler noise');
-    this.ep?.play(this.fillerNoise.url);
-    this._fillerNoiseOn = true;
-    this.ep.once('playback-start', (evt) => {
-      if (evt.file === this.fillerNoise.url && !this._fillerNoiseOn) {
-        this.logger.info({evt}, 'Gather:_startFillerNoise - race condition - kill filler noise here');
-        this.ep.api('uuid_break', this.ep.uuid)
-          .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err, 'Error killing filler noise'));
-        return;
-      } else this.logger.debug({evt}, 'Gather:_startFillerNoise - playback started');
-    });
-  }
-
-  _startFillerNoiseTimer() {
-    this._clearFillerNoiseTimer();
-    this._fillerNoiseTimer = setTimeout(() => {
-      this.logger.debug('Gather:_startFillerNoiseTimer - playing filler noise');
-      this._startFillerNoise();
-    }, this.fillerNoise.startDelaySecs * 1000);
-  }
-
-  _clearFillerNoiseTimer() {
-    if (this._fillerNoiseTimer) clearTimeout(this._fillerNoiseTimer);
-    this._fillerNoiseTimer = null;
-  }
-
-  _killFillerNoise() {
-    if (this._fillerNoiseTimer) {
-      this.logger.debug('Gather:_killFillerNoise');
-      this.ep?.api('uuid_break', this.ep.uuid);
-    }
-  }
-
  _killAudio(cs) {
-    if (this.hasFillerNoise || (!this.sayTask && !this.playTask && this.bargein)) {
-      if (this.ep?.connected && (!this.playComplete || this.hasFillerNoise)) {
+    if (!this.sayTask && !this.playTask && this.bargein) {
+      if (this.ep?.connected && !this.playComplete) {
        this.logger.debug('Gather:_killAudio: killing playback of any audio');
        this.playComplete = true;
-        this._fillerNoiseOn = false;  // in a race, if we just started audio it may sneak through here
        this.ep.api('uuid_break', this.ep.uuid)
          .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err, 'Error killing audio'));
      }
@@ -705,11 +613,11 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    // make sure this is not a transcript from answering machine detection
    const bugname = fsEvent.getHeader('media-bugname');
    const finished = fsEvent.getHeader('transcription-session-finished');
-    this.logger.debug({evt, bugname, finished, vendor: this.vendor}, 'Gather:_onTranscription raw transcript');
+    this.logger.debug({evt, bugname, finished}, `Gather:_onTranscription for vendor ${this.vendor}`);
    if (bugname && this.bugname !== bugname) return;
-    if (finished === 'true') return;

    if (this.vendor === 'ibm' && evt?.state === 'listening') return;
+
    if (this.vendor === 'deepgram' && evt.type === 'UtteranceEnd') {
      /* we will only get this when we have set utterance_end_ms */
      if (this._bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) {
@@ -717,35 +625,18 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      }
      else {
        this.logger.debug('Gather:_onTranscription - got UtteranceEnd event from deepgram, return buffered transcript');
-        evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language, this.vendor);
+        evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language);
        this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
        this._resolve('speech', evt);
      }
      return;
    }
-    if (this.vendor === 'deepgram' && evt.type === 'Metadata') {
-      this.logger.debug('Gather:_onTranscription - discarding Metadata event from deepgram');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    evt = this.normalizeTranscription(evt, this.vendor, 1, this.language,
-      this.shortUtterance, this.data.recognizer.punctuation);
-    //this.logger.debug({evt, bugname, finished, vendor: this.vendor}, 'Gather:_onTranscription normalized transcript');

+    evt = this.normalizeTranscription(evt, this.vendor, 1, this.language, this.shortUtterance);
    if (evt.alternatives.length === 0) {
      this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got empty transcript, continue listening');
      return;
    }
-    const confidence = evt.alternatives[0].confidence;
-    const minConfidence = this.data.recognizer?.minConfidence;
-    this.logger.debug({evt},
-      `TaskGather:_onTranscription - confidence (${confidence}), minConfidence (${minConfidence})`);
-    if (confidence && minConfidence && confidence < minConfidence) {
-      this.logger.info({evt},
-        'TaskGather:_onTranscription - Transcript confidence ' +
-        `(${confidence}) < minConfidence (${minConfidence})`);
-      return this._resolve('stt-low-confidence', evt);
-    }

    /* fast path: our first partial transcript exactly matches an early hint */
    if (this.earlyHintsMatch && evt.is_final === false && this.partialTranscriptsCount++ === 0) {
@@ -767,9 +658,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
    if (evt.is_final) {
      if (evt.alternatives[0].transcript === '' && !this.callSession.callGone && !this.killed) {
        emptyTranscript = true;
-        if (finished === 'true' &&
-          ['microsoft', 'deepgram'].includes(this.vendor) &&
-          this._bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) {
+        if (finished === 'true' && ['microsoft', 'deepgram'].includes(this.vendor)) {
          this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got empty transcript from old gather, disregarding');
          return;
        }
@@ -803,7 +692,7 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
        this._clearTimer();
        if (this._finalAsrTimer) {
          this._clearFinalAsrTimer();
-          const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language, this.vendor);
+          const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language);
          return this._resolve(this._bufferedTranscripts.length > 0 ? 'speech' : 'timeout', evt);
        }
        this._startAsrTimer();
@@ -812,59 +701,47 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
        if (!['soniox', 'aws', 'microsoft', 'deepgram'].includes(this.vendor)) this._startTranscribing(ep);
      }
      else {
-        /* this was removed to fix https://github.com/jambonz/jambonz-feature-server/issues/783 */
-        /*
        if (this.bargein && (words + bufferedWords) < this.minBargeinWordCount) {
          this.logger.debug({evt, words, bufferedWords},
            'TaskGather:_onTranscription - final transcript but < min barge words');
-          if (!emptyTranscript) this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
-          if (!['soniox', 'aws', 'microsoft', 'deepgram'].includes(this.vendor)) this._startTranscribing(ep);
+          this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
+          this._startTranscribing(ep);
          return;
        }
        else {
-        */
-        if (this.vendor === 'soniox') {
-          /* compile transcripts into one */
-          this._sonioxTranscripts.push(evt.vendor.finalWords);
-          evt = this.compileSonioxTranscripts(this._sonioxTranscripts, 1, this.language);
-          this._sonioxTranscripts = [];
-        }
-        else if (this.vendor === 'deepgram') {
-          /* compile transcripts into one */
-          if (!emptyTranscript) this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
+          if (this.vendor === 'soniox') {
+            /* compile transcripts into one */
+            this._sonioxTranscripts.push(evt.vendor.finalWords);
+            evt = this.compileSonioxTranscripts(this._sonioxTranscripts, 1, this.language);
+            this._sonioxTranscripts = [];
+          }
+          else if (this.vendor === 'deepgram') {
+            /* compile transcripts into one */
+            if (!emptyTranscript) this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
+            if (this.data.recognizer?.deepgramOptions?.utteranceEndMs) {
+              this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_onTranscription - got speech_final waiting for UtteranceEnd event');
+              return;
+            }
+            this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - compiling deepgram transcripts');
+            evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language);
+            this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
+            this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - compiled deepgram transcripts');
+          }

-          /* deepgram can send an empty and final transcript; only if we have any buffered should we resolve */
-          if (this._bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) return;
-          evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language, this.vendor);
-          this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
+          /* here is where we return a final transcript */
+          this._resolve('speech', evt);
        }
-
-        /* here is where we return a final transcript */
-        this._resolve('speech', evt);
-        /*}*/
      }
    }
    else {
-      /* deepgram can send a non-final transcript but with words that are final, so we need to buffer */
-      let emptyTranscript = false;
-      if (this.vendor === 'deepgram') {
-        const originalEvent = evt.vendor.evt;
-        if (originalEvent.is_final && evt.alternatives[0].transcript !== '') {
-          this.logger.debug({evt}, 'Gather:_onTranscription - buffering a completed (partial) deepgram transcript');
-          this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
-        }
-        if (evt.alternatives[0].transcript === '') emptyTranscript = true;
-      }
-
-      if (!emptyTranscript) {
-        if (this._clearTimer()) this._startTimer();
-        if (this.bargein && (words + bufferedWords) >= this.minBargeinWordCount) {
-          if (!this.playComplete) {
-            this.logger.debug({transcript: evt.alternatives[0].transcript}, 'killing audio due to speech');
-            this.emit('vad');
-          }
-          this._killAudio(cs);
+      this._clearTimer();
+      this._startTimer();
+      if (this.bargein && (words + bufferedWords) >= this.minBargeinWordCount) {
+        if (!this.playComplete) {
+          this.logger.debug({transcript: evt.alternatives[0].transcript}, 'killing audio due to speech');
+          this.emit('vad');
        }
+        this._killAudio(cs);
      }
      if (this.fastRecognitionTimeout) {
        this._startFastRecognitionTimer(evt);
@@ -882,9 +759,14 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
          this._sonioxTranscripts.push(evt.vendor.finalWords);
        }
      }
-
-      /* restart asr timer if we get a partial transcript */
-      if (this.isContinuousAsr) this._startAsrTimer();
+      /* deepgram can send a non-final transcript but with words that are final, so we need to buffer */
+      if (this.vendor === 'deepgram') {
+        const originalEvent = evt.vendor.evt;
+        if (originalEvent.is_final && evt.alternatives[0].transcript !== '') {
+          this.logger.debug({evt}, 'Gather:_onTranscription - buffering a completed (partial) deepgram transcript');
+          this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
+        }
+      }
    }
  }
  _onEndOfUtterance(cs, ep) {
@@ -916,45 +798,24 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
  _onTranscriptionComplete(cs, ep) {
    this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_onTranscriptionComplete');
  }
-
-  async _startFallback(cs, ep, evt) {
-    if (this.canFallback) {
-      ep.stopTranscription({
-        vendor: this.vendor,
-        bugname: this.bugname
-      })
+  async _onJambonzError(cs, ep, evt) {
+    this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onJambonzError');
+    if (this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider && this.fallbackVendor) {
+      ep.stopTranscription({vendor: this.vendor})
        .catch((err) => this.logger.error({err}, `Error stopping transcription for primary vendor ${this.vendor}`));
      const {updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed} = require('../utils/db-utils')(this.logger, cs.srf);
      try {
-        this.logger.debug('gather:_startFallback');
-        this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error',
-          details:`STT Vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error || evt.reason}`, failover: 'in progress'});
-        await this._initFallback();
-        this._speechHandlersSet = false;
-        await this._setSpeechHandlers(cs, ep);
+        await this._fallback();
+        await this._initSpeech(cs, ep);
        this._startTranscribing(ep);
        updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(this.sttCredentials.speech_credential_sid);
-        return true;
+        return;
      } catch (error) {
        this.logger.info({error}, `There is error while falling back to ${this.fallbackVendor}`);
-        this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error',
-          details:`STT Vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error || evt.reason}`, failover: 'not available'});
      }
-    } else {
-      this.logger.debug('gather:_startFallback no condition for falling back');
-      this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error',
-        details:`STT Vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error || evt.reason}`, failover: 'not available'});
    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  async _onJambonzError(cs, ep, evt) {
-    if (this.vendor === 'google' && evt.error_code === 0) {
-      this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onJambonzError - ignoring google error code 0');
-      return;
-    }
-    this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onJambonzError');
    const {writeAlerts, AlertType} = cs.srf.locals;
+
    if (this.vendor === 'nuance') {
      const {code, error} = evt;
      if (code === 404 && error === 'No speech') return this._resolve('timeout');
@@ -967,23 +828,17 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      message: `Custom speech vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error}`,
      vendor: this.vendor,
    }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for jambonz custom connection failure'));
-    if (!(await this._startFallback(cs, ep, evt))) {
-      this.notifyTaskDone();
-    }
+    this.notifyError({msg: 'ASR error', details:`Custom speech vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error}`});
  }

-  async _onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, evt) {
+  _onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, evt) {
    super._onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, evt);
-    if (!(await this._startFallback(cs, _ep, evt))) {
-      this.notifyTaskDone();
-    }
+    this.notifyTaskDone();
  }

-  async _onVendorError(cs, _ep, evt) {
+  _onVendorError(cs, _ep, evt) {
    super._onVendorError(cs, _ep, evt);
-    if (!(await this._startFallback(cs, _ep, evt))) {
-      this._resolve('stt-error', evt);
-    }
+    this._resolve('stt-error', evt);
  }

  _onVadDetected(cs, ep) {
@@ -992,10 +847,6 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      this._killAudio(cs);
      this.emit('vad');
    }
-    if (this.vad?.strategy === 'one-shot') {
-      this.ep?.removeCustomEventListener(VadDetection.Detection, this._onVadDetected);
-      this._vadStarted = false;
-    }
  }

  _onNoSpeechDetected(cs, ep, evt, fsEvent) {
@@ -1014,38 +865,26 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {

  async _resolve(reason, evt) {
    this.logger.debug(`TaskGather:resolve with reason ${reason}`);
-    if (this.needsStt && this.ep && this.ep.connected) {
-      this.ep.stopTranscription({
-        vendor: this.vendor,
-        bugname: this.bugname
-      })
-        .catch((err) => {
-          if (this.resolved) return;
-          this.logger.error({err}, 'Error stopping transcription');
-        });
-    }
-    if (this.resolved) {
-      this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - already resolved');
-      return;
-    }
+    if (this.resolved) return;

    this.resolved = true;
-    // If bargin is false and ws application return ack to verb:hook
-    // the gather should not play any audio
-    this._killAudio(this.cs);
-    // Clear dtmf events, to avoid any case can leak the listener, just clean it
-    this.ep.removeAllListeners('dtmf');
+    // Clear dtmf event
+    if (this.dtmfBargein) {
+      this.ep.removeAllListeners('dtmf');
+    }
    clearTimeout(this.interDigitTimer);
    this._clearTimer();
    this._clearFastRecognitionTimer();
-    this._clearAsrTimer();
-    this._clearFinalAsrTimer();

    this.span.setAttributes({
      channel: 1,
      'stt.resolve': reason,
      'stt.result': JSON.stringify(evt)
    });
+    if (this.needsStt && this.ep && this.ep.connected) {
+      this.ep.stopTranscription({vendor: this.vendor})
+        .catch((err) => this.logger.error({err}, 'Error stopping transcription'));
+    }

    if (this.callSession && this.callSession.callGone) {
      this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - call is gone, not invoking web callback');
@@ -1053,82 +892,36 @@ class TaskGather extends SttTask {
      return;
    }

-    // action hook delay
-    if (this.cs.actionHookDelayProcessor) {
-      this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - actionHookDelayProcessor exists - starting it');
-      this.cs.actionHookDelayProcessor.start();
-    }
-
-    // TODO: remove and implement as actionHookDelay
-    if (this.hasFillerNoise && (reason.startsWith('dtmf') || reason.startsWith('speech'))) {
-      if (this.fillerNoiseStartDelaySecs > 0) {
-        this._startFillerNoiseTimer();
-      }
-      else {
-        this.logger.debug(`TaskGather:_resolve - playing filler noise: ${this.fillerNoiseUrl}`);
-        this._startFillerNoise();
-      }
-    }
-
-    let returnedVerbs = false;
    try {
      if (reason.startsWith('dtmf')) {
        if (this.parentTask) this.parentTask.emit('dtmf', evt);
        else {
          this.emit('dtmf', evt);
-          returnedVerbs = await this.performAction({digits: this.digitBuffer, reason: 'dtmfDetected'});
+          await this.performAction({digits: this.digitBuffer, reason: 'dtmfDetected'});
        }
      }
      else if (reason.startsWith('speech')) {
        if (this.parentTask) this.parentTask.emit('transcription', evt);
        else {
          this.emit('transcription', evt);
-          this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - invoking performAction');
-          returnedVerbs = await this.performAction({speech: evt, reason: 'speechDetected'});
-          this.logger.debug({returnedVerbs}, 'TaskGather:_resolve - back from performAction');
+          await this.performAction({speech: evt, reason: 'speechDetected'});
        }
      }
      else if (reason.startsWith('timeout')) {
        if (this.parentTask) this.parentTask.emit('timeout', evt);
        else {
          this.emit('timeout', evt);
-          returnedVerbs = await this.performAction({reason: 'timeout'});
+          await this.performAction({reason: 'timeout'});
        }
      }
      else if (reason.startsWith('stt-error')) {
        if (this.parentTask) this.parentTask.emit('stt-error', evt);
        else {
          this.emit('stt-error', evt);
-          returnedVerbs = await this.performAction({reason: 'error', details: evt.error});
-        }
-      } else if (reason.startsWith('stt-low-confidence')) {
-        if (this.parentTask) this.parentTask.emit('stt-low-confidence', evt);
-        else {
-          this.emit('stt-low-confidence', evt);
-          returnedVerbs = await this.performAction({reason: 'stt-low-confidence'});
+          await this.performAction({reason: 'error', details: evt.error});
        }
      }
    } catch (err) {  /*already logged error*/ }
-
-    // Gather got response from hook, cancel actionHookDelay processing
-    this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - checking ahd');
-    if (this.cs.actionHookDelayProcessor) {
-      if (returnedVerbs) {
-        this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - got response from action hook, cancelling actionHookDelay');
-        await this.cs.actionHookDelayProcessor.stop();
-        if (this.actionHookDelayAction && !this.cs.popActionHookDelayProperties()) {
-          // no session level ahd was running when this task started, so clear it
-          this.cs.clearActionHookDelayProcessor();
-          this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - clear ahd');
-        }
-      }
-      else {
-        this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_resolve - no response from action hook, continue actionHookDelay');
-      }
-    }
-
-    this._clearFillerNoiseTimer();
-
    this.notifyTaskDone();
  }
 }
--- a/lib/tasks/listen.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/listen.js
@@ -8,10 +8,6 @@ const DTMF_SPAN_NAME = 'dtmf';
 class TaskListen extends Task {
  constructor(logger, opts, parentTask) {
    super(logger, opts);
-    /**
-     * @deprecated
-     * use bidirectionalAudio.enabled
-     */
    this.disableBidirectionalAudio = opts.disableBidirectionalAudio;
    this.preconditions = TaskPreconditions.Endpoint;

@@ -29,15 +25,6 @@ class TaskListen extends Task {
    this.results = {};
    this.playAudioQueue = [];
    this.isPlayingAudioFromQueue = false;
-    this.bidirectionalAudio = {
-      enabled: this.disableBidirectionalAudio === true ? false : true,
-      ...(this.data['bidirectionalAudio']),
-    };
-
-    // From drachtio-version 3.0.40, forkAudioStart will send empty bugname, metadata together with
-    // bidirectionalAudio params that cause old version of freeswitch missunderstand between bugname and
-    // bidirectionalAudio params
-    this._bugname = 'audio_fork';

    if (this.transcribe) this.transcribeTask = makeTask(logger, {'transcribe': opts.transcribe}, this);
  }
@@ -136,6 +123,8 @@ class TaskListen extends Task {
      ci,
      this.metadata);
    if (this.hook.auth) {
+      this.logger.debug({username: this.hook.auth.username, password: this.hook.auth.password},
+        'TaskListen:_startListening basic auth');
      await this.ep.set({
        'MOD_AUDIO_BASIC_AUTH_USERNAME': this.hook.auth.username,
        'MOD_AUDIO_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD': this.hook.auth.password
@@ -146,8 +135,7 @@ class TaskListen extends Task {
      mixType: this.mixType,
      sampling: this.sampleRate,
      ...(this._bugname && {bugname: this._bugname}),
-      metadata,
-      bidirectionalAudio: this.bidirectionalAudio || {}
+      metadata
    });
    this.recordStartTime = moment();
    if (this.maxLength) {
@@ -167,7 +155,7 @@ class TaskListen extends Task {
    }

    /* support bi-directional audio */
-    if (this.bidirectionalAudio.enabled) {
+    if (!this.disableBidirectionalAudio) {
      ep.addCustomEventListener(ListenEvents.PlayAudio, this._onPlayAudio.bind(this, ep));
    }
    ep.addCustomEventListener(ListenEvents.KillAudio, this._onKillAudio.bind(this, ep));
--- a/lib/tasks/make_task.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/make_task.js
@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@ function makeTask(logger, obj, parent) {
  }
  validateVerb(name, data, logger);
  switch (name) {
-    case TaskName.Answer:
-      const TaskAnswer = require('./answer');
-      return new TaskAnswer(logger, data, parent);
    case TaskName.SipDecline:
      const TaskSipDecline = require('./sip_decline');
      return new TaskSipDecline(logger, data, parent);
@@ -44,9 +41,6 @@ function makeTask(logger, obj, parent) {
    case TaskName.Dtmf:
      const TaskDtmf = require('./dtmf');
      return new TaskDtmf(logger, data, parent);
-    case TaskName.Dub:
-      const TaskDub = require('./dub');
-      return new TaskDub(logger, data, parent);
    case TaskName.Enqueue:
      const TaskEnqueue = require('./enqueue');
      return new TaskEnqueue(logger, data, parent);
--- a/lib/tasks/rest_dial.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/rest_dial.js
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ class TaskRestDial extends Task {
    this.call_hook = this.data.call_hook;
    this.timeout = this.data.timeout || 60;
    this.sipRequestWithinDialogHook = this.data.sipRequestWithinDialogHook;
-    this.referHook = this.data.referHook;

    this.on('connect', this._onConnect.bind(this));
    this.on('callStatus', this._onCallStatus.bind(this));
@@ -65,7 +64,6 @@ class TaskRestDial extends Task {
    this.canCancel = false;
    const cs = this.callSession;
    cs.setDialog(dlg);
-    cs.referHook = this.referHook;
    this.logger.debug('TaskRestDial:_onConnect - call connected');
    if (this.sipRequestWithinDialogHook) this._initSipRequestWithinDialogHandler(cs, dlg);
    try {
--- a/lib/tasks/say.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/say.js
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const TtsTask = require('./tts-task');
+const Task = require('./task');
 const {TaskName, TaskPreconditions} = require('../utils/constants');
 const pollySSMLSplit = require('polly-ssml-split');

@@ -23,15 +23,9 @@ const breakLengthyTextIfNeeded = (logger,  text) => {
  }
 };

-const parseTextFromSayString = (text) => {
-  const closingBraceIndex = text.indexOf('}');
-  if (closingBraceIndex === -1) return text;
-  return text.slice(closingBraceIndex + 1);
-};
-
-class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
+class TaskSay extends Task {
  constructor(logger, opts, parentTask) {
-    super(logger, opts, parentTask);
+    super(logger, opts);
    this.preconditions = TaskPreconditions.Endpoint;

    this.text = (Array.isArray(this.data.text) ? this.data.text : [this.data.text])
@@ -39,6 +33,10 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
      .flat();

    this.loop = this.data.loop || 1;
+    this.earlyMedia = this.data.earlyMedia === true || (parentTask && parentTask.earlyMedia);
+    this.synthesizer = this.data.synthesizer || {};
+    this.disableTtsCache = this.data.disableTtsCache;
+    this.options = this.synthesizer.options || {};
    this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider = true;
  }

@@ -61,12 +59,12 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
    }
  }

-  async _synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep, {vendor, language, voice, label, preCache = false}) {
-    const {srf, accountSid:account_sid} = cs;
+  async _synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep, {vendor, language, voice, label}) {
+    const {srf} = cs;
    const {updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed} = require('../utils/db-utils')(this.logger, srf);
    const {writeAlerts, AlertType, stats} = srf.locals;
    const {synthAudio} = srf.locals.dbHelpers;
-    const engine = this.synthesizer.engine || cs.synthesizer?.engine || 'neural';
+    const engine = this.synthesizer.engine || 'standard';
    const salt = cs.callSid;

    let credentials = cs.getSpeechCredentials(vendor, 'tts', label);
@@ -78,8 +76,6 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
        voice = arr[1];
        model = arr[2];
      }
-    } else if (vendor === 'deepgram') {
-      model = voice;
    }

    /* allow for microsoft custom region voice and api_key to be specified as an override */
@@ -90,32 +86,20 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
      credentials.api_key = this.options.apiKey || credentials.apiKey;
      credentials.region = this.options.region || credentials.region;
      voice = this.options.voice || voice;
-    } else if (vendor === 'elevenlabs') {
-      credentials = credentials || {};
-      credentials.model_id = this.options.model_id || credentials.model_id;
-      credentials.voice_settings = this.options.voice_settings || {};
-      credentials.optimize_streaming_latency = this.options.optimize_streaming_latency
-      || credentials.optimize_streaming_latency;
-      voice = this.options.voice_id || voice;
    }

-    ep.set({
-      tts_engine: vendor.startsWith('custom:') ? 'custom' : vendor,
-      tts_voice: voice,
-      cache_speech_handles: !cs.currentTtsVendor || cs.currentTtsVendor === vendor ? 1 : 0,
-    }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error setting tts_engine on endpoint'));
-    // set the current vendor on the call session
-    // If vendor is changed from the previous one, then reset the cache_speech_handles flag
-    cs.currentTtsVendor = vendor;
-
-    if (!preCache && !this._disableTracing) this.logger.info({vendor, language, voice, model}, 'TaskSay:exec');
+    this.logger.info({vendor, language, voice, model}, 'TaskSay:exec');
    try {
      if (!credentials) {
        writeAlerts({
-          account_sid,
+          account_sid: cs.accountSid,
          alert_type: AlertType.TTS_NOT_PROVISIONED,
          vendor
        }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for no tts'));
+        this.notifyError({
+          msg: 'TTS error',
+          details:`No speech credentials provisioned for selected vendor ${vendor}`
+        });
        throw new Error('no provisioned speech credentials for TTS');
      }
      // synthesize all of the text elements
@@ -127,17 +111,14 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
        if (text.startsWith('silence_stream://')) return text;

        /* otel: trace time for tts */
-        if (!preCache && !this._disableTracing)  {
-          const {span} = this.startChildSpan('tts-generation', {
-            'tts.vendor': vendor,
-            'tts.language': language,
-            'tts.voice': voice
-          });
-          this.otelSpan = span;
-        }
+        const {span} = this.startChildSpan('tts-generation', {
+          'tts.vendor': vendor,
+          'tts.language': language,
+          'tts.voice': voice
+        });
        try {
          const {filePath, servedFromCache, rtt} = await synthAudio(stats, {
-            account_sid,
+            account_sid: cs.accountSid,
            text,
            vendor,
            language,
@@ -146,47 +127,37 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
            model,
            salt,
            credentials,
-            options: this.options,
-            disableTtsCache : this.disableTtsCache,
-            preCache
+            disableTtsCache : this.disableTtsCache
          });
-          if (!filePath.startsWith('say:')) {
-            this.logger.debug(`Say: file ${filePath}, served from cache ${servedFromCache}`);
-            if (filePath) cs.trackTmpFile(filePath);
-            if (this.otelSpan) {
-              this.otelSpan.setAttributes({'tts.cached': servedFromCache});
-              this.otelSpan.end();
-              this.otelSpan = null;
-            }
-            if (!servedFromCache && !lastUpdated) {
-              lastUpdated = true;
-              updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(credentials.speech_credential_sid).catch(() => {/* logged error */});
-            }
-            if (!servedFromCache && rtt && !preCache  && !this._disableTracing) {
-              this.notifyStatus({
-                event: 'synthesized-audio',
-                vendor,
-                language,
-                characters: text.length,
-                elapsedTime: rtt
-              });
-            }
+          this.logger.debug(`file ${filePath}, served from cache ${servedFromCache}`);
+          if (filePath) cs.trackTmpFile(filePath);
+          if (!servedFromCache && !lastUpdated) {
+            lastUpdated = true;
+            updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(credentials.speech_credential_sid)
+              .catch(() => {/*already logged error */});
          }
-          else {
-            this.logger.debug('Say: a streaming tts api will be used');
-            const modifiedPath = filePath.replace('say:{', `say:{session-uuid=${ep.uuid},`);
-            return modifiedPath;
+          span.setAttributes({'tts.cached': servedFromCache});
+          span.end();
+          if (!servedFromCache && rtt) {
+            this.notifyStatus({
+              event: 'synthesized-audio',
+              vendor,
+              language,
+              characters: text.length,
+              elapsedTime: rtt
+            });
          }
          return filePath;
        } catch (err) {
          this.logger.info({err}, 'Error synthesizing tts');
-          if (this.otelSpan) this.otelSpan.end();
+          span.end();
          writeAlerts({
            account_sid: cs.accountSid,
            alert_type: AlertType.TTS_FAILURE,
            vendor,
            detail: err.message
          }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for tts failure'));
+          this.notifyError({msg: 'TTS error', details: err.message || err});
          throw err;
        }
      };
@@ -201,27 +172,21 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
  }

  async exec(cs, {ep}) {
-    const {srf, accountSid:account_sid} = cs;
-    const {writeAlerts, AlertType} = srf.locals;
-    const {addFileToCache} = srf.locals.dbHelpers;
-    const engine = this.synthesizer.engine || cs.synthesizer?.engine || 'neural';
-
    await super.exec(cs);
    this.ep = ep;

-    let vendor = this.synthesizer.vendor && this.synthesizer.vendor !== 'default' ?
+    const vendor = this.synthesizer.vendor && this.synthesizer.vendor !== 'default' ?
      this.synthesizer.vendor :
      cs.speechSynthesisVendor;
-    let language = this.synthesizer.language && this.synthesizer.language !== 'default' ?
+    const language = this.synthesizer.language && this.synthesizer.language !== 'default' ?
      this.synthesizer.language :
      cs.speechSynthesisLanguage ;
-    let voice =  this.synthesizer.voice && this.synthesizer.voice !== 'default' ?
+    const voice =  this.synthesizer.voice && this.synthesizer.voice !== 'default' ?
      this.synthesizer.voice :
      cs.speechSynthesisVoice;
-    // label can be null/empty in synthesizer config, just use application level label if it's default
-    let label = this.synthesizer.label === 'default' ?
-      cs.speechSynthesisLabel :
-      this.synthesizer.label;
+    const label = this.synthesizer.label && this.synthesizer.label !== 'default' ?
+      this.synthesizer.label :
+      cs.speechSynthesisLabel;

    const fallbackVendor = this.synthesizer.fallbackVendor && this.synthesizer.fallbackVendor !== 'default' ?
      this.synthesizer.fallbackVendor :
@@ -232,24 +197,16 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
    const fallbackVoice =  this.synthesizer.fallbackVoice && this.synthesizer.fallbackVoice !== 'default' ?
      this.synthesizer.fallbackVoice :
      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisVoice;
-    // label can be null/empty in synthesizer config, just use application level label if it's default
-    const fallbackLabel = this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel === 'default' ?
-      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLabel :
-      this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel;
+    const fallbackLabel = this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel && this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel !== 'default' ?
+      this.synthesizer.fallbackLabel :
+      cs.fallbackSpeechSynthesisLabel;

-    if (cs.hasFallbackTts) {
-      vendor = fallbackVendor;
-      language = fallbackLanguage;
-      voice = fallbackVoice;
-      label = fallbackLabel;
-    }
-
-    const startFallback = async(error) => {
-      if (fallbackVendor && this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider && !cs.hasFallbackTts) {
-        this.notifyError(
-          { msg: 'TTS error', details:`TTS vendor ${vendor} error: ${error}`, failover: 'in progress'});
+    let filepath;
+    try {
+      filepath = await this._synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep, {vendor, language, voice, label});
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (fallbackVendor && this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider) {
        this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider = false;
-        cs.hasFallbackTts = true;
        this.logger.info(`Synthesize error, fallback to ${fallbackVendor}`);
        filepath = await this._synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep,
          {
@@ -259,107 +216,22 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
            label: fallbackLabel
          });
      } else {
-        this.notifyError(
-          { msg: 'TTS error', details:`TTS vendor ${vendor} error: ${error}`, failover: 'not available'});
        throw error;
      }
-    };
-    let filepath;
-    try {
-      filepath = await this._synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep, {vendor, language, voice, label});
-    } catch (error) {
-      await startFallback(error);
    }
    this.notifyStatus({event: 'start-playback'});

-    while (!this.killed && (this.loop === 'forever' || this.loop--) && ep?.connected) {
+    while (!this.killed && (this.loop === 'forever' || this.loop--) && this.ep?.connected) {
      let segment = 0;
      while (!this.killed && segment < filepath.length) {
        if (cs.isInConference) {
          const {memberId, confName, confUuid} = cs;
-          await this.playToConfMember(ep, memberId, confName, confUuid, filepath[segment]);
+          await this.playToConfMember(this.ep, memberId, confName, confUuid, filepath[segment]);
        }
        else {
-          let tts_cache_filename;
-          if (filepath[segment].startsWith('say:{')) {
-            const arr = /^say:\{.*\}\s*(.*)$/.exec(filepath[segment]);
-            if (arr) this.logger.debug(`Say:exec sending streaming tts request: ${arr[1].substring(0, 64)}..`);
-          }
-          else this.logger.debug(`Say:exec sending  ${filepath[segment].substring(0, 64)}`);
-          ep.once('playback-start', (evt) => {
-            this.logger.debug({evt}, 'Say got playback-start');
-            if (this.otelSpan) {
-              this._addStreamingTtsAttributes(this.otelSpan, evt);
-              this.otelSpan.end();
-              this.otelSpan = null;
-              if (evt.variable_tts_cache_filename) {
-                tts_cache_filename = evt.variable_tts_cache_filename;
-                cs.trackTmpFile(evt.variable_tts_cache_filename);
-              }
-              else {
-                this.logger.info('No tts_cache_filename in playback-start event');
-              }
-            }
-          });
-          ep.once('playback-stop', (evt) => {
-            if (!tts_cache_filename || evt.variable_tts_cache_filename !== tts_cache_filename) {
-              this.logger.info({evt}, 'Say: discarding playback-stop from other say verb');
-            }
-            else {
-              this.logger.debug({evt}, 'Say got playback-stop');
-              if (evt.variable_tts_error) {
-                writeAlerts({
-                  account_sid,
-                  alert_type: AlertType.TTS_FAILURE,
-                  vendor,
-                  detail: evt.variable_tts_error
-                }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for no tts'));
-              }
-              if (evt.variable_tts_cache_filename && !this.killed) {
-                const text = parseTextFromSayString(this.text[segment]);
-                addFileToCache(evt.variable_tts_cache_filename, {
-                  account_sid,
-                  vendor,
-                  language,
-                  voice,
-                  engine,
-                  text
-                }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error adding file to cache'));
-              }
-            }
-            if (this._playResolve) {
-              evt.variable_tts_error ? this._playReject(new Error(evt.variable_tts_error)) : this._playResolve();
-            }
-          });
-          // wait for playback-stop event received to confirm if the playback is successful
-          this._playPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-            this._playResolve = resolve;
-            this._playReject = reject;
-          });
-          const r = await ep.play(filepath[segment]);
-          this.logger.debug({r}, 'Say:exec play result');
-          try {
-            // wait for playback-stop event received to confirm if the playback is successful
-            await this._playPromise;
-          } catch (err) {
-            try {
-              await startFallback(err);
-              continue;
-            } catch (err) {
-              this.logger.info({err}, 'Error waiting for playback-stop event');
-            }
-          } finally {
-            this._playPromise = null;
-            this._playResolve = null;
-            this._playReject = null;
-          }
-          if (filepath[segment].startsWith('say:{')) {
-            const arr = /^say:\{.*\}\s*(.*)$/.exec(filepath[segment]);
-            if (arr) this.logger.debug(`Say:exec complete playing streaming tts request: ${arr[1].substring(0, 64)}..`);
-          } else {
-            // This log will print spech credentials in say command for tts stream mode
-            this.logger.debug(`Say:exec completed play file ${filepath[segment]}`);
-          }
+          this.logger.debug(`Say:exec sending command to play file ${filepath[segment]}`);
+          await ep.play(filepath[segment]);
+          this.logger.debug(`Say:exec completed play file ${filepath[segment]}`);
        }
        segment++;
      }
@@ -369,7 +241,7 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {

  async kill(cs) {
    super.kill(cs);
-    if (this.ep?.connected) {
+    if (this.ep.connected) {
      this.logger.debug('TaskSay:kill - killing audio');
      if (cs.isInConference) {
        const {memberId, confName} = cs;
@@ -379,78 +251,8 @@ class TaskSay extends TtsTask {
        this.notifyStatus({event: 'kill-playback'});
        this.ep.api('uuid_break', this.ep.uuid);
      }
-      this.ep.removeAllListeners('playback-start');
-      this.ep.removeAllListeners('playback-stop');
-      // if we are waiting for playback-stop event, resolve the promise
-      if (this._playResolve) {
-        this._playResolve();
-        this._playResolve = null;
-      }
    }
  }
-
-  _addStreamingTtsAttributes(span, evt) {
-    const attrs = {'tts.cached': false};
-    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(evt)) {
-      if (key.startsWith('variable_tts_')) {
-        let newKey = key.substring('variable_tts_'.length)
-          .replace('whisper_', 'whisper.')
-          .replace('deepgram_', 'deepgram.')
-          .replace('playht_', 'playht.')
-          .replace('rimelabs_', 'rimelabs.')
-          .replace('verbio_', 'verbio.')
-          .replace('elevenlabs_', 'elevenlabs.');
-        if (spanMapping[newKey]) newKey = spanMapping[newKey];
-        attrs[newKey] = value;
-      }
-    }
-    delete attrs['cache_filename']; //no value in adding this to the span
-    span.setAttributes(attrs);
-  }
 }

-const spanMapping = {
-  // IMPORTANT!!! JAMBONZ WEBAPP WILL SHOW TEXT PERFECTLY IF THE SPAN NAME IS SMALLER OR EQUAL 25 CHARACTERS.
-  // EX: whisper.ratelim_reqs has length 20 <= 25 which is perfect
-  // Elevenlabs
-  'elevenlabs.reported_latency_ms': 'elevenlabs.latency_ms',
-  'elevenlabs.request_id': 'elevenlabs.req_id',
-  'elevenlabs.history_item_id': 'elevenlabs.item_id',
-  'elevenlabs.optimize_streaming_latency': 'elevenlabs.optimization',
-  'elevenlabs.name_lookup_time_ms': 'name_lookup_ms',
-  'elevenlabs.connect_time_ms': 'connect_ms',
-  'elevenlabs.final_response_time_ms': 'final_response_ms',
-  // Whisper
-  'whisper.reported_latency_ms': 'whisper.latency_ms',
-  'whisper.request_id': 'whisper.req_id',
-  'whisper.reported_organization': 'whisper.organization',
-  'whisper.reported_ratelimit_requests': 'whisper.ratelimit',
-  'whisper.reported_ratelimit_remaining_requests': 'whisper.ratelimit_remain',
-  'whisper.reported_ratelimit_reset_requests': 'whisper.ratelimit_reset',
-  'whisper.name_lookup_time_ms': 'name_lookup_ms',
-  'whisper.connect_time_ms': 'connect_ms',
-  'whisper.final_response_time_ms': 'final_response_ms',
-  // Deepgram
-  'deepgram.request_id': 'deepgram.req_id',
-  'deepgram.reported_model_name': 'deepgram.model_name',
-  'deepgram.reported_model_uuid': 'deepgram.model_uuid',
-  'deepgram.reported_char_count': 'deepgram.char_count',
-  'deepgram.name_lookup_time_ms': 'name_lookup_ms',
-  'deepgram.connect_time_ms': 'connect_ms',
-  'deepgram.final_response_time_ms': 'final_response_ms',
-  // Playht
-  'playht.request_id': 'playht.req_id',
-  'playht.name_lookup_time_ms': 'name_lookup_ms',
-  'playht.connect_time_ms': 'connect_ms',
-  'playht.final_response_time_ms': 'final_response_ms',
-  // Rimelabs
-  'rimelabs.name_lookup_time_ms': 'name_lookup_ms',
-  'rimelabs.connect_time_ms': 'connect_ms',
-  'rimelabs.final_response_time_ms': 'final_response_ms',
-  // verbio
-  'verbio.name_lookup_time_ms': 'name_lookup_ms',
-  'verbio.connect_time_ms': 'connect_ms',
-  'verbio.final_response_time_ms': 'final_response_ms',
-};
-
 module.exports = TaskSay;
--- a/lib/tasks/stt-task.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/stt-task.js
@@ -14,15 +14,17 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
    const {
      setChannelVarsForStt,
      normalizeTranscription,
+      removeSpeechListeners,
      setSpeechCredentialsAtRuntime,
      compileSonioxTranscripts,
      consolidateTranscripts
    } = require('../utils/transcription-utils')(logger);
    this.setChannelVarsForStt = setChannelVarsForStt;
    this.normalizeTranscription = normalizeTranscription;
+    this.removeSpeechListeners = removeSpeechListeners;
    this.compileSonioxTranscripts = compileSonioxTranscripts;
    this.consolidateTranscripts = consolidateTranscripts;
-    this.eventHandlers = [];
+
    this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider = true;
    if (this.data.recognizer) {
      const recognizer = this.data.recognizer;
@@ -33,8 +35,7 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
      //fallback
      this.fallbackVendor = recognizer.fallbackVendor || 'default';
      this.fallbackLanguage = recognizer.fallbackLanguage || 'default';
-      // label can be empty and should not have default value.
-      this.fallbackLabel = recognizer.fallbackLabel;
+      this.fallbackLabel = recognizer.fallbackLabel || 'default';

      /* let credentials be supplied in the recognizer object at runtime */
      this.sttCredentials = setSpeechCredentialsAtRuntime(recognizer);
@@ -48,128 +49,11 @@ class SttTask extends Task {

    /* buffer for soniox transcripts */
    this._sonioxTranscripts = [];
-    /*bug name prefix */
-    this.bugname_prefix = '';

  }

-  async exec(cs, {ep, ep2}) {
-    super.exec(cs);
-    this.ep = ep;
-    this.ep2 = ep2;
-
-    // use session preferences if we don't have specific verb-level settings.
-    if (cs.recognizer) {
-      for (const k in cs.recognizer) {
-        const newValue = this.data.recognizer && this.data.recognizer[k] !== undefined ?
-          this.data.recognizer[k] :
-          cs.recognizer[k];
-
-        if (Array.isArray(newValue)) {
-          this.data.recognizer[k] = [...(this.data.recognizer[k] || []), ...cs.recognizer[k]];
-        } else if (typeof newValue === 'object' && newValue !== null) {
-          this.data.recognizer[k] = { ...(this.data.recognizer[k] || {}), ...cs.recognizer[k] };
-        } else {
-          this.data.recognizer[k] = newValue;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    if ('default' === this.vendor || !this.vendor) {
-      this.vendor = cs.speechRecognizerVendor;
-      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.vendor = this.vendor;
-    }
-    if ('default' === this.language || !this.language) {
-      this.language = cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
-      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.language = this.language;
-    }
-    // label can be empty, should not assign application level label
-    if ('default' === this.label) {
-      this.label = cs.speechRecognizerLabel;
-      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.label = this.label;
-    }
-    // Fallback options
-    if ('default' === this.fallbackVendor || !this.fallbackVendor) {
-      this.fallbackVendor = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerVendor;
-      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackVendor = this.fallbackVendor;
-    }
-    if ('default' === this.fallbackLanguage || !this.fallbackLanguage) {
-      this.fallbackLanguage = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLanguage;
-      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackLanguage = this.fallbackLanguage;
-    }
-    // label can be empty, should not assign application level label
-    if ('default' === this.fallbackLabel) {
-      this.fallbackLabel = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel;
-      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackLabel = this.fallbackLabel;
-    }
-    // If call is already fallback to 2nd ASR vendor
-    // use that.
-    if (cs.hasFallbackAsr) {
-      this.vendor = this.fallbackVendor;
-      this.language = this.fallbackLanguage;
-      this.label = this.fallbackLabel;
-    }
-    if (!this.data.recognizer.vendor) {
-      this.data.recognizer.vendor = this.vendor;
-    }
-    if (this.vendor === 'cobalt' && !this.data.recognizer.model) {
-      // By default, application saves cobalt model in language
-      this.data.recognizer.model = cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
-    }
-
-    if (
-      // not gather task, such as transcribe
-      (!this.input ||
-      // gather task with speech
-        this.input.includes('speech')) &&
-      !this.sttCredentials) {
-      try {
-        this.sttCredentials = await this._initSpeechCredentials(this.cs, this.vendor, this.label);
-      } catch (error) {
-        if (this.canFallback) {
-          this.notifyError(
-            {
-              msg: 'ASR error', details:`Invalid vendor ${this.vendor}, Error: ${error}`,
-              failover: 'in progress'
-            });
-          await this._initFallback();
-        } else {
-          this.notifyError(
-            {
-              msg: 'ASR error', details:`Invalid vendor ${this.vendor}, Error: ${error}`,
-              failover: 'not available'
-            });
-          throw error;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    /* when using cobalt model is required */
-    if (this.vendor === 'cobalt' && !this.data.recognizer.model) {
-      this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error', details:'Cobalt requires a model to be specified'});
-      throw new Error('Cobalt requires a model to be specified');
-    }
-
-    if (cs.hasAltLanguages) {
-      this.data.recognizer.altLanguages = this.data.recognizer.altLanguages.concat(cs.altLanguages);
-      this.logger.debug({altLanguages: this.altLanguages},
-        'STT:exec - applying altLanguages');
-    }
-    if (cs.hasGlobalSttPunctuation && !this.data.recognizer.punctuation) {
-      this.data.recognizer.punctuation = cs.globalSttPunctuation;
-    }
-  }
-
-  addCustomEventListener(ep, event, handler) {
-    this.eventHandlers.push({ep, event, handler});
-    ep.addCustomEventListener(event, handler);
-  }
-
-  removeCustomEventListeners() {
-    this.eventHandlers.forEach((h) => h.ep.removeCustomEventListener(h.event, h.handler));
-  }
-
  async _initSpeechCredentials(cs, vendor, label) {
-    const {getNuanceAccessToken, getIbmAccessToken, getAwsAuthToken, getVerbioAccessToken} = cs.srf.locals.dbHelpers;
+    const {getNuanceAccessToken, getIbmAccessToken} = this.cs.srf.locals.dbHelpers;
    let credentials = cs.getSpeechCredentials(vendor, 'stt', label);

    if (!credentials) {
@@ -180,6 +64,11 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
        alert_type: AlertType.STT_NOT_PROVISIONED,
        vendor
      }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for no stt'));
+      // Notify application that STT vender is wrong.
+      this.notifyError({
+        msg: 'ASR error',
+        details: `No speech-to-text service credentials for ${vendor} have been configured`
+      });
      this.notifyTaskDone();
      throw new Error(`No speech-to-text service credentials for ${vendor} have been configured`);
    }
@@ -197,33 +86,13 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
      const {access_token, servedFromCache} = await getIbmAccessToken(stt_api_key);
      this.logger.debug({stt_api_key}, `got ibm access token ${servedFromCache ? 'from cache' : ''}`);
      credentials = {...credentials, access_token, stt_region};
-    } else if (['aws', 'polly'].includes(vendor) && credentials.roleArn) {
-      /* get aws access token */
-      const {roleArn, region} = credentials;
-      const {accessKeyId, secretAccessKey, sessionToken, servedFromCache} =
-        await getAwsAuthToken({
-          region,
-          roleArn
-        });
-      this.logger.debug({roleArn}, `got aws access token ${servedFromCache ? 'from cache' : ''}`);
-      credentials = {...credentials, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey, sessionToken};
-    } else if (vendor === 'verbio' && credentials.client_id && credentials.client_secret) {
-      const {access_token, servedFromCache} = await getVerbioAccessToken(credentials);
-      this.logger.debug({client_id: credentials.client_id},
-        `got verbio access token ${servedFromCache ? 'from cache' : ''}`);
-      credentials.access_token = access_token;
    }
    return credentials;
  }

-  get canFallback() {
-    return this.fallbackVendor && this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider && !this.cs.hasFallbackAsr;
-  }
-
-  async _initFallback() {
+  async _fallback() {
    assert(this.fallbackVendor, 'fallback failed without fallbackVendor configuration');
    this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider = false;
-    this.cs.hasFallbackAsr = true;
    this.logger.info(`Failed to use primary STT provider, fallback to ${this.fallbackVendor}`);
    this.vendor = this.fallbackVendor;
    this.language = this.fallbackLanguage;
@@ -232,8 +101,6 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
    this.data.recognizer.language = this.language;
    this.data.recognizer.label = this.label;
    this.sttCredentials = await this._initSpeechCredentials(this.cs, this.vendor, this.label);
-    // cleanup previous listener from previous vendor
-    this.removeCustomEventListeners();
  }

  async compileHintsForCobalt(ep, hostport, model, token, hints) {
@@ -277,20 +144,6 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
  _doContinuousAsrWithDeepgram(asrTimeout) {
    /* deepgram has an utterance_end_ms property that simplifies things */
    assert(this.vendor === 'deepgram');
-    if (asrTimeout < 1000) {
-      this.notifyError({
-        msg: 'ASR error',
-        details:`asrTimeout ${asrTimeout} is too short for deepgram; setting it to 1000ms`
-      });
-      asrTimeout = 1000;
-    }
-    else if (asrTimeout > 5000) {
-      this.notifyError({
-        msg: 'ASR error',
-        details:`asrTimeout ${asrTimeout} is too long for deepgram; setting it to 5000ms`
-      });
-      asrTimeout = 5000;
-    }
    this.logger.debug(`_doContinuousAsrWithDeepgram - setting utterance_end_ms to ${asrTimeout}`);
    const dgOptions = this.data.recognizer.deepgramOptions = this.data.recognizer.deepgramOptions || {};
    dgOptions.utteranceEndMs = dgOptions.utteranceEndMs || asrTimeout;
@@ -310,6 +163,7 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
      detail: evt.error,
      vendor: this.vendor,
    }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, `Error generating alert for ${this.vendor} connection failure`));
+    this.notifyError({msg: 'ASR error', details:`Failed connecting to speech vendor ${this.vendor}: ${evt.error}`});
  }

  _onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, evt) {
@@ -322,6 +176,7 @@ class SttTask extends Task {
      message: `Failed connecting to ${this.vendor} speech recognizer: ${reason}`,
      vendor: this.vendor,
    }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, `Error generating alert for ${this.vendor} connection failure`));
+    this.notifyError({msg: 'ASR error', details:`Failed connecting to speech vendor ${this.vendor}: ${reason}`});
  }
 }

--- a/lib/tasks/task.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/task.js
@@ -45,10 +45,6 @@ class Task extends Emitter {
    return this.name;
  }

-  set disableTracing(val) {
-    this._disableTracing = val;
-  }
-
  toJSON() {
    return this.data;
  }
@@ -164,33 +160,15 @@ class Task extends Emitter {
      const httpHeaders = b3 && {b3};
      span.setAttributes({'http.body': JSON.stringify(params)});
      try {
-        if (this.id) params.verb_id = this.id;
        const json = await this.cs.requestor.request(type, this.actionHook, params, httpHeaders);
        span.setAttributes({'http.statusCode': 200});
-        const isWsConnection = this.cs.requestor instanceof WsRequestor;
-        if (!isWsConnection || (expectResponse && json && Array.isArray(json) && json.length)) {
-          span.end();
-        } else {
-          /** we use this span to measure application response latency,
-           * and with websocket connections we generally get the application's response
-           * in a subsequent message from the far end, so we terminate the span when the
-           * first new set of verbs arrive after sending a transcript
-           * */
-          this.emit('VerbHookSpanWaitForEnd', {span});
-
-          // If actionHook delay action is configured, and ws application have not responded yet any verb for actionHook
-          // We have to transfer the task to call-session to await on next ws command verbs, and also run action Hook
-          // delay actions
-          //if (this.hookDelayActionOpts) {
-          //  this.emit('ActionHookDelayActionOptions', this.hookDelayActionOpts);
-          //}
-        }
+        span.end();
        if (expectResponse && json && Array.isArray(json)) {
          const makeTask = require('./make_task');
          const tasks = normalizeJambones(this.logger, json).map((tdata) => makeTask(this.logger, tdata));
          if (tasks && tasks.length > 0) {
+            this.logger.info({tasks: tasks}, `${this.name} replacing application with ${tasks.length} tasks`);
            this.callSession.replaceApplication(tasks);
-            return true;
          }
        }
      } catch (err) {
@@ -198,7 +176,6 @@ class Task extends Emitter {
        span.end();
        throw err;
      }
-      return false;
    }
  }

@@ -278,7 +255,6 @@ class Task extends Emitter {
    delete obj.requestor;
    delete obj.notifier;
    obj.tasks =  cs.getRemainingTaskData();
-    obj.callInfo = cs.callInfo.toJSON();
    if (opts && obj.tasks.length > 0) {
      const key = Object.keys(obj.tasks[0])[0];
      Object.assign(obj.tasks[0][key], {_: opts});
--- a/lib/tasks/transcribe.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/transcribe.js
@@ -31,59 +31,21 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
      this.separateRecognitionPerChannel = this.data.recognizer.separateRecognitionPerChannel;
    }

-    /* for nested transcribe in dial, unless the app explicitly says so we want to transcribe both legs */
-    if (this.parentTask?.name === TaskName.Dial) {
-      if (this.data.channel === 1 || this.data.channel === 2) {
-        /* transcribe only the channel specified */
-        this.separateRecognitionPerChannel = false;
-        this.channel = this.data.channel;
-        logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe: transcribing only channel ${this.channel} in the Dial verb`);
-      }
-      else if (this.separateRecognitionPerChannel !== false) {
-        this.separateRecognitionPerChannel = true;
-      }
-      else {
-        this.channel = 1;
-      }
-    }
-    else {
-      this.channel = 1;
-    }
-
    this.childSpan = [null, null];

-    // Continuous asr timeout
+    // Continuos asr timeout
    this.asrTimeout = typeof this.data.recognizer.asrTimeout === 'number' ? this.data.recognizer.asrTimeout * 1000 : 0;
    if (this.asrTimeout > 0) {
      this.isContinuousAsr = true;
    }
    /* buffer speech for continuous asr */
-    this._bufferedTranscripts = [ [], [] ];  // for channel 1 and 2
-    this.bugname_prefix = 'transcribe_';
-    this.paused = false;
+    this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
  }

  get name() { return TaskName.Transcribe; }

-  get transcribing1() {
-    return this.channel === 1 || this.separateRecognitionPerChannel;
-  }
-
-  get transcribing2() {
-    return this.channel === 2 || this.separateRecognitionPerChannel && this.ep2;
-  }
-
  async exec(cs, {ep, ep2}) {
-    await super.exec(cs, {ep, ep2});
-
-    if (this.data.recognizer.vendor === 'nuance') {
-      this.data.recognizer.nuanceOptions = {
-        // by default, nuance STT will recognize only 1st utterance.
-        // enable multiple allow nuance detact all utterances
-        utteranceDetectionMode: 'multiple',
-        ...this.data.recognizer.nuanceOptions
-      };
-    }
+    super.exec(cs);
    const {updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed} = require('../utils/db-utils')(this.logger, cs.srf);

    if (cs.hasGlobalSttHints) {
@@ -93,42 +55,95 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
      this.logger.debug({hints: this.data.recognizer.hints, hintsBoost: this.data.recognizer.hintsBoost},
        'Transcribe:exec - applying global sttHints');
    }
+    if (cs.hasAltLanguages) {
+      this.data.recognizer.altLanguages = this.data.recognizer.altLanguages.concat(cs.altLanguages);
+      this.logger.debug({altLanguages: this.altLanguages},
+        'Transcribe:exec - applying altLanguages');
+    }
+    if (cs.hasGlobalSttPunctuation && !this.data.recognizer.punctuation) {
+      this.data.recognizer.punctuation = cs.globalSttPunctuation;
+    }
+
+    this.ep = ep;
+    this.ep2 = ep2;
+    if ('default' === this.vendor || !this.vendor) {
+      this.vendor = cs.speechRecognizerVendor;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.vendor = this.vendor;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.language || !this.language) {
+      this.language = cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.language = this.language;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.label || !this.label) {
+      this.label = cs.speechRecognizerLabel;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.label = this.label;
+    }
+    // Fallback options
+    if ('default' === this.fallbackVendor || !this.fallbackVendor) {
+      this.fallbackVendor = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerVendor;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackVendor = this.fallbackVendor;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.fallbackLanguage || !this.fallbackLanguage) {
+      this.fallbackLanguage = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLanguage;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackLanguage = this.fallbackLanguage;
+    }
+    if ('default' === this.fallbackLabel || !this.fallbackLabel) {
+      this.fallbackLabel = cs.fallbackSpeechRecognizerLabel;
+      if (this.data.recognizer) this.data.recognizer.fallbackLabel = this.fallbackLabel;
+    }
+    if (!this.data.recognizer.vendor) {
+      this.data.recognizer.vendor = this.vendor;
+    }
+    if (this.vendor === 'cobalt' && !this.data.recognizer.model) {
+      // By default, application saves cobalt model in language
+      this.data.recognizer.model = cs.speechRecognizerLanguage;
+    }
+
+    if (!this.sttCredentials) {
+      try {
+        this.sttCredentials = await this._initSpeechCredentials(cs, this.vendor, this.label);
+      } catch (error) {
+        if (this.fallbackVendor && this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider) {
+          await this._fallback();
+        } else {
+          throw error;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* when using cobalt model is required */
+    if (this.vendor === 'cobalt' && !this.data.recognizer.model) {
+      this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error', details:'Cobalt requires a model to be specified'});
+      throw new Error('Cobalt requires a model to be specified');
+    }

    try {
-      if (this.transcribing1) {
-        await this._startTranscribing(cs, ep, 1);
-      }
-      if (this.transcribing2) {
+      await this._startTranscribing(cs, ep, 1);
+      if (this.separateRecognitionPerChannel && ep2) {
        await this._startTranscribing(cs, ep2, 2);
      }

      updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(this.sttCredentials.speech_credential_sid)
        .catch(() => {/*already logged error */});
+
+      await this.awaitTaskDone();
    } catch (err) {
-      if (!(await this._startFallback(cs, ep, {error: err}))) {
-        this.logger.info(err, 'TaskTranscribe:exec - error');
-        this.parentTask && this.parentTask.emit('error', err);
-        this.removeCustomEventListeners();
-        return;
-      }
+      this.logger.info(err, 'TaskTranscribe:exec - error');
+      this.parentTask && this.parentTask.emit('error', err);
    }
-    await this.awaitTaskDone();
-    this.removeCustomEventListeners();
+    this.removeSpeechListeners(ep);
  }

  async _stopTranscription() {
    let stopTranscription = false;
-    if (this.transcribing1 && this.ep?.connected) {
+    if (this.ep?.connected) {
      stopTranscription = true;
-      this.ep.stopTranscription({
-        vendor: this.vendor,
-        bugname: this.bugname
-      })
+      this.ep.stopTranscription({vendor: this.vendor})
        .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err, 'Error TaskTranscribe:kill'));
    }
-    if (this.transcribing2 && this.ep2?.connected) {
+    if (this.separateRecognitionPerChannel && this.ep2 && this.ep2.connected) {
      stopTranscription = true;
-      this.ep2.stopTranscription({vendor: this.vendor, bugname: this.bugname})
+      this.ep2.stopTranscription({vendor: this.vendor})
        .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err, 'Error TaskTranscribe:kill'));
    }

@@ -150,13 +165,13 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
      this.logger.info(`TaskTranscribe:updateTranscribe status ${status}`);
      switch (status) {
        case TranscribeStatus.Pause:
-          this.paused = true;
          await this._stopTranscription();
          break;
        case TranscribeStatus.Resume:
-          this.paused = false;
-          if (this.transcribing1) await this._startTranscribing(this.cs, this.ep, 1);
-          if (this.transcribing2) await this._startTranscribing(this.cs, this.ep2, 2);
+          await this._startTranscribing(this.cs, this.ep, 1);
+          if (this.separateRecognitionPerChannel && this.ep2) {
+            await this._startTranscribing(this.cs, this.ep2, 2);
+          }
          break;
      }
    }
@@ -171,61 +186,61 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
      if (this.isContinuousAsr) this._doContinuousAsrWithDeepgram(this.asrTimeout);
    }

-    const opts = this.setChannelVarsForStt(this, this.sttCredentials, this.language, this.data.recognizer);
+    const opts = this.setChannelVarsForStt(this, this.sttCredentials, this.data.recognizer);
    switch (this.vendor) {
      case 'google':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}google_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, GoogleTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'google_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, GoogleTranscriptionEvents.NoAudioDetected,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.NoAudioDetected,
          this._onNoAudio.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, GoogleTranscriptionEvents.MaxDurationExceeded,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.MaxDurationExceeded,
          this._onMaxDurationExceeded.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;

      case 'aws':
      case 'polly':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}aws_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AwsTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'aws_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AwsTranscriptionEvents.NoAudioDetected,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.NoAudioDetected,
          this._onNoAudio.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AwsTranscriptionEvents.MaxDurationExceeded,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.MaxDurationExceeded,
          this._onMaxDurationExceeded.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;
      case 'microsoft':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}azure_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AzureTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'azure_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        //this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AzureTranscriptionEvents.NoSpeechDetected,
-        //  this._onNoAudio.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.NoSpeechDetected,
+          this._onNoAudio.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;
      case 'nuance':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}nuance_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NuanceTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'nuance_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;
      case 'deepgram':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}deepgram_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'deepgram_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Connect,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Connect,
          this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
          this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));

        /* if app sets deepgramOptions.utteranceEndMs they essentially want continuous asr */
-        //if (opts.DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_UTTERANCE_END_MS) this.isContinuousAsr = true;
+        if (opts.DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_UTTERANCE_END_MS) this.isContinuousAsr = true;

        break;
      case 'soniox':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}soniox_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, SonioxTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'soniox_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(SonioxTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;
      case 'cobalt':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}cobalt_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, CobaltTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'cobalt_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(CobaltTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));

        /* cobalt doesnt have language, it has model, which is required */
@@ -254,39 +269,38 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
        break;

      case 'ibm':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}ibm_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, IbmTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'ibm_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(IbmTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, IbmTranscriptionEvents.Connect,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(IbmTranscriptionEvents.Connect,
          this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, IbmTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(IbmTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
          this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;

      case 'nvidia':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}nvidia_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
-          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
+        this.bugname = 'nvidia_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep));
        break;

      case 'assemblyai':
-        this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}assemblyai_transcribe`;
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+        this.bugname = 'assemblyai_transcribe';
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
          this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep,
-          AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onVendorError.bind(this, cs, ep));
-        this.addCustomEventListener(ep, AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onVendorError.bind(this, cs, ep));
+        ep.addCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
          this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
        break;

      default:
        if (this.vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
-          this.bugname = `${this.bugname_prefix}${this.vendor}_transcribe`;
-          this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
+          this.bugname = `${this.vendor}_transcribe`;
+          ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Transcription,
            this._onTranscription.bind(this, cs, ep, channel));
-          this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
-          this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
+          ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Connect, this._onVendorConnect.bind(this, cs, ep));
+          ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure,
            this._onVendorConnectFailure.bind(this, cs, ep));
          break;
        }
@@ -298,7 +312,7 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
    }

    /* common handler for all stt engine errors */
-    this.addCustomEventListener(ep, JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onJambonzError.bind(this, cs, ep));
+    ep.addCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Error, this._onJambonzError.bind(this, cs, ep));
    await ep.set(opts)
      .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err, 'Error setting channel variables'));
  }
@@ -313,13 +327,11 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
  }

  async _transcribe(ep) {
-    this.logger.debug(
-      `TaskTranscribe:_transcribe - starting transcription vendor ${this.vendor} bugname ${this.bugname}`);
    await ep.startTranscription({
      vendor: this.vendor,
      interim: this.interim ? true : false,
      locale: this.language,
-      channels: 1,
+      channels: /*this.separateRecognitionPerChannel ? 2 : */ 1,
      bugname: this.bugname,
      hostport: this.hostport
    });
@@ -328,161 +340,81 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
  async _onTranscription(cs, ep, channel, evt, fsEvent) {
    // make sure this is not a transcript from answering machine detection
    const bugname = fsEvent.getHeader('media-bugname');
-    const finished = fsEvent.getHeader('transcription-session-finished');
-    const bufferedTranscripts = this._bufferedTranscripts[channel - 1];
    if (bugname && this.bugname !== bugname) return;
-    if (this.paused) {
-      this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - paused, ignoring transcript');
-    }

    if (this.vendor === 'ibm' && evt?.state === 'listening') return;

    if (this.vendor === 'deepgram' && evt.type === 'UtteranceEnd') {
      /* we will only get this when we have set utterance_end_ms */
-
-      /* DH: send a speech event when we get UtteranceEnd if they want interim events */
-      if (this.interim) {
-        this.logger.debug('Gather:_onTranscription - got UtteranceEnd event from deepgram, sending speech event');
-        this._resolve(channel, evt);
-      }
-      if (bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) {
+      if (this._bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) {
        this.logger.debug('Gather:_onTranscription - got UtteranceEnd event from deepgram but no buffered transcripts');
      }
      else {
        this.logger.debug('Gather:_onTranscription - got UtteranceEnd event from deepgram, return buffered transcript');
-        evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(bufferedTranscripts, channel, this.language, this.vendor);
-        evt.is_final = true;
-        this._bufferedTranscripts[channel - 1] = [];
-        this._resolve(channel, evt);
+        evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, 1, this.language);
+        this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
+        this._resolve('speech', evt);
      }
      return;
    }
    this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - before normalization');

-    evt = this.normalizeTranscription(evt, this.vendor, channel, this.language, undefined,
-      this.data.recognizer.punctuation);
+    evt = this.normalizeTranscription(evt, this.vendor, channel, this.language);
    this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription');
    if (evt.alternatives.length === 0) {
      this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - got empty transcript, continue listening');
      return;
    }

-    let emptyTranscript = false;
-    if (evt.is_final) {
-      if (evt.alternatives.length === 0 || evt.alternatives[0].transcript === '' && !cs.callGone && !this.killed) {
-        emptyTranscript = true;
-        if (finished === 'true' &&
-          ['microsoft', 'deepgram'].includes(this.vendor) &&
-          bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) {
-          this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got empty transcript from old gather, disregarding');
-          return;
-        }
-        else if (this.vendor !== 'deepgram') {
-          this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got empty transcript, continue listening');
-          return;
-        }
-        else if (this.isContinuousAsr) {
-          this.logger.info({evt},
-            'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got empty deepgram transcript during continous asr, continue listening');
-          return;
-        }
-        else if (this.vendor === 'deepgram' && bufferedTranscripts.length > 0) {
-          this.logger.info({evt},
-            'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got empty transcript from deepgram, return the buffered transcripts');
-        }
-      }
-      if (this.isContinuousAsr) {
-        /* append the transcript and start listening again for asrTimeout */
-        const t = evt.alternatives[0].transcript;
-        if (t) {
-          /* remove trailing punctuation */
-          if (/[,;:\.!\?]$/.test(t)) {
-            this.logger.debug('TaskGather:_onTranscription - removing trailing punctuation');
-            evt.alternatives[0].transcript = t.slice(0, -1);
-          }
-        }
-        this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskGather:_onTranscription - got transcript during continous asr');
-        bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
-        this._startAsrTimer(channel);
-
-        /* some STT engines will keep listening after a final response, so no need to restart */
-        if (!['soniox', 'aws', 'microsoft', 'deepgram', 'google']
-          .includes(this.vendor)) this._startTranscribing(cs, ep, channel);
+    if (evt.alternatives[0]?.transcript === '' && !cs.callGone && !this.killed) {
+      if (['microsoft', 'deepgram'].includes(this.vendor)) {
+        this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - got empty transcript, continue listening');
      }
      else {
-        if (this.vendor === 'soniox') {
-          /* compile transcripts into one */
-          this._sonioxTranscripts.push(evt.vendor.finalWords);
-          evt = this.compileSonioxTranscripts(this._sonioxTranscripts, 1, this.language);
-          this._sonioxTranscripts = [];
-        }
-        else if (this.vendor === 'deepgram') {
-          /* compile transcripts into one */
-          if (!emptyTranscript) bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
+        this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - got empty transcript, listen again');
+        this._transcribe(ep);
+      }
+      return;
+    }

-          /* deepgram can send an empty and final transcript; only if we have any buffered should we resolve */
-          if (bufferedTranscripts.length === 0) return;
-          evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(bufferedTranscripts, channel, this.language);
-          this._bufferedTranscripts[channel - 1] = [];
-        }
-
-        /* here is where we return a final transcript */
-        this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - sending final transcript');
-        this._resolve(channel, evt);
-
-        /* some STT engines will keep listening after a final response, so no need to restart */
-        if (!['soniox', 'aws', 'microsoft', 'deepgram', 'google'].includes(this.vendor) &&
-          !this.vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
-          this.logger.debug('TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - restarting transcribe');
-          this._startTranscribing(cs, ep, channel);
-        }
+    if (this.vendor === 'soniox') {
+      /* compile transcripts into one */
+      this._sonioxTranscripts.push(evt.vendor.finalWords);
+      if (evt.is_final) {
+        evt = this.compileSonioxTranscripts(this._sonioxTranscripts, 1, this.language);
+        this._sonioxTranscripts = [];
      }
    }
-    else {
-      /* interim transcript */

-      /* deepgram can send a non-final transcript but with words that are final, so we need to buffer */
-      if (this.vendor === 'deepgram') {
-        const originalEvent = evt.vendor.evt;
-        if (originalEvent.is_final && evt.alternatives[0].transcript !== '') {
-          this.logger.debug({evt}, 'Gather:_onTranscription - buffering a completed (partial) deepgram transcript');
-          bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (this.interim) {
-        this.logger.debug({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onTranscription - sending interim transcript');
-        this._resolve(channel, evt);
-      }
+    if (this.isContinuousAsr && evt.is_final) {
+      this._bufferedTranscripts.push(evt);
+      this._startAsrTimer(channel);
+    } else {
+      await this._resolve(channel, evt);
    }
  }

  async _resolve(channel, evt) {
-    if (evt.is_final) {
-      /* we've got a final transcript, so end the otel child span for this channel */
-      if (this.childSpan[channel - 1] && this.childSpan[channel - 1].span) {
-        this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.setAttributes({
-          channel,
-          'stt.resolve': 'transcript',
-          'stt.result': JSON.stringify(evt)
-        });
-        this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.end();
-      }
+    /* we've got a transcript, so end the otel child span for this channel */
+    if (this.childSpan[channel - 1] && this.childSpan[channel - 1].span) {
+      this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.setAttributes({
+        channel,
+        'stt.resolve': 'transcript',
+        'stt.result': JSON.stringify(evt)
+      });
+      this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.end();
    }

    if (this.transcriptionHook) {
      const b3 = this.getTracingPropagation();
      const httpHeaders = b3 && {b3};
-      const payload = {
-        ...this.cs.callInfo,
-        ...httpHeaders,
-        ...(evt.alternatives && {speech: evt}),
-        ...(evt.type && {speechEvent: evt})
-      };
      try {
-        this.logger.debug({payload}, 'sending transcriptionHook');
-        const json = await this.cs.requestor.request('verb:hook', this.transcriptionHook, payload);
-        this.logger.info({json}, 'completed transcriptionHook');
+        const json = await this.cs.requestor.request('verb:hook', this.transcriptionHook, {
+          ...this.cs.callInfo,
+          ...httpHeaders,
+          speech: evt
+        });
+        this.logger.info({json}, 'sent transcriptionHook');
        if (json && Array.isArray(json) && !this.parentTask) {
          const makeTask = require('./make_task');
          const tasks = normalizeJambones(this.logger, json).map((tdata) => makeTask(this.logger, tdata));
@@ -503,7 +435,7 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
      this._clearTimer();
      this.notifyTaskDone();
    }
-    else if (evt.is_final) {
+    else {
      /* start another child span for this channel */
      const {span, ctx} = this.startChildSpan(`${STT_LISTEN_SPAN_NAME}:${channel}`);
      this.childSpan[channel - 1] = {span, ctx};
@@ -511,8 +443,7 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
  }

  _onNoAudio(cs, ep, channel) {
-    this.logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe:_onNoAudio on channel ${channel}`);
-    if (this.paused) return;
+    this.logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe:_onNoAudio restarting transcription on channel ${channel}`);
    if (this.childSpan[channel - 1] && this.childSpan[channel - 1].span) {
      this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.setAttributes({
        channel,
@@ -528,8 +459,7 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
  }

  _onMaxDurationExceeded(cs, ep, channel) {
-    this.logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe:_onMaxDurationExceeded on channel ${channel}`);
-    if (this.paused) return;
+    this.logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe:_onMaxDurationExceeded restarting transcription on channel ${channel}`);
    if (this.childSpan[channel - 1] && this.childSpan[channel - 1].span) {
      this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.setAttributes({
        channel,
@@ -552,66 +482,44 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
    }
  }

-  async _startFallback(cs, _ep, evt) {
-    if (this.canFallback) {
-      _ep.stopTranscription({
-        vendor: this.vendor,
-        bugname: this.bugname
-      })
+  async _onJambonzError(cs, _ep, evt) {
+    this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onJambonzError');
+    if (this.isHandledByPrimaryProvider && this.fallbackVendor) {
+      _ep.stopTranscription({vendor: this.vendor})
        .catch((err) => this.logger.error({err}, `Error stopping transcription for primary vendor ${this.vendor}`));
      const {updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed} = require('../utils/db-utils')(this.logger, cs.srf);
      try {
-        this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error',
-          details:`STT Vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error || evt.reason}`, failover: 'in progress'});
-        await this._initFallback();
+        await this._fallback();
        let channel = 1;
        if (this.ep !== _ep) {
          channel = 2;
        }
-        this[`_speechHandlersSet_${channel}`] = false;
        this._startTranscribing(cs, _ep, channel);
        updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(this.sttCredentials.speech_credential_sid);
-        return true;
+        return;
      } catch (error) {
-        this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error',
-          details:`STT Vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error || evt.reason}`, failover: 'not available'});
        this.logger.info({error}, `There is error while falling back to ${this.fallbackVendor}`);
      }
    } else {
-      this.logger.debug('transcribe:_startFallback no condition for falling back');
-      this.notifyError({ msg: 'ASR error',
-        details:`STT Vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error || evt.reason}`, failover: 'not available'});
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
+      const {writeAlerts, AlertType} = cs.srf.locals;

-  async _onJambonzError(cs, _ep, evt) {
-    if (this.vendor === 'google' && evt.error_code === 0) {
-      this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onJambonzError - ignoring google error code 0');
-      return;
-    }
-    this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onJambonzError');
-    if (this.paused) return;
-    const {writeAlerts, AlertType} = cs.srf.locals;
-
-    if (this.vendor === 'nuance') {
-      const {code, error} = evt;
-      if (code === 404 && error === 'No speech') return this._resolve('timeout');
-      if (code === 413 && error === 'Too much speech') return this._resolve('timeout');
-    }
-    this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onJambonzError');
-    writeAlerts({
-      account_sid: cs.accountSid,
-      alert_type: AlertType.STT_FAILURE,
-      message: `Custom speech vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error}`,
-      vendor: this.vendor,
-    }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for jambonz custom connection failure'));
-    if (!(await this._startFallback(cs, _ep, evt))) {
-      this.notifyTaskDone();
+      if (this.vendor === 'nuance') {
+        const {code, error} = evt;
+        if (code === 404 && error === 'No speech') return this._resolve('timeout');
+        if (code === 413 && error === 'Too much speech') return this._resolve('timeout');
+      }
+      this.logger.info({evt}, 'TaskTranscribe:_onJambonzError');
+      writeAlerts({
+        account_sid: cs.accountSid,
+        alert_type: AlertType.STT_FAILURE,
+        message: `Custom speech vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error}`,
+        vendor: this.vendor,
+      }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for jambonz custom connection failure'));
+      this.notifyError({msg: 'ASR error', details:`Custom speech vendor ${this.vendor} error: ${evt.error}`});
    }
  }

-  async _onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, channel, evt) {
+  _onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, channel, evt) {
    super._onVendorConnectFailure(cs, _ep, evt);
    if (this.childSpan[channel - 1] && this.childSpan[channel - 1].span) {
      this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.setAttributes({
@@ -620,9 +528,7 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
      });
      this.childSpan[channel - 1].span.end();
    }
-    if (!(await this._startFallback(cs, _ep, evt))) {
-      this.notifyTaskDone();
-    }
+    this.notifyTaskDone();
  }

  _startAsrTimer(channel) {
@@ -631,9 +537,8 @@ class TaskTranscribe extends SttTask {
    this._clearAsrTimer(channel);
    this._asrTimer = setTimeout(() => {
      this.logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe:_startAsrTimer - asr timer went off for channel: ${channel}`);
-      const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(
-        this._bufferedTranscripts[channel - 1], channel, this.language, this.vendor);
-      this._bufferedTranscripts[channel - 1] = [];
+      const evt = this.consolidateTranscripts(this._bufferedTranscripts, channel, this.language);
+      this._bufferedTranscripts = [];
      this._resolve(channel, evt);
    }, this.asrTimeout);
    this.logger.debug(`TaskTranscribe:_startAsrTimer: set for ${this.asrTimeout}ms for channel ${channel}`);
--- a/lib/tasks/tts-task.js
+++ b/lib/tasks/tts-task.js
@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-const Task = require('./task');
-const { TaskPreconditions } = require('../utils/constants');
-
-class TtsTask extends Task {
-
-  constructor(logger, data, parentTask) {
-    super(logger, data);
-    this.parentTask = parentTask;
-
-    this.preconditions = TaskPreconditions.Endpoint;
-
-    this.earlyMedia = this.data.earlyMedia === true || (parentTask && parentTask.earlyMedia);
-    this.synthesizer = this.data.synthesizer || {};
-    this.disableTtsCache = this.data.disableTtsCache;
-    this.options = this.synthesizer.options || {};
-  }
-
-  async exec(cs) {
-    super.exec(cs);
-  }
-
-  async _synthesizeWithSpecificVendor(cs, ep, {
-    vendor,
-    language,
-    voice,
-    label,
-    disableTtsStreaming,
-    preCache
-  }) {
-    const {srf, accountSid:account_sid} = cs;
-    const {updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed} = require('../utils/db-utils')(this.logger, srf);
-    const {writeAlerts, AlertType, stats} = srf.locals;
-    const {synthAudio} = srf.locals.dbHelpers;
-    const engine = this.synthesizer.engine || cs.synthesizer?.engine || 'neural';
-    const salt = cs.callSid;
-
-    let credentials = cs.getSpeechCredentials(vendor, 'tts', label);
-    /* parse Nuance voices into name and model */
-    let model;
-    if (vendor === 'nuance' && voice) {
-      const arr = /([A-Za-z-]*)\s+-\s+(enhanced|standard)/.exec(voice);
-      if (arr) {
-        voice = arr[1];
-        model = arr[2];
-      }
-    } else if (vendor === 'deepgram') {
-      model = voice;
-    }
-
-    /* allow for microsoft custom region voice and api_key to be specified as an override */
-    if (vendor === 'microsoft' && this.options.deploymentId) {
-      credentials = credentials || {};
-      credentials.use_custom_tts = true;
-      credentials.custom_tts_endpoint = this.options.deploymentId;
-      credentials.api_key = this.options.apiKey || credentials.apiKey;
-      credentials.region = this.options.region || credentials.region;
-      voice = this.options.voice || voice;
-    } else if (vendor === 'elevenlabs') {
-      credentials = credentials || {};
-      credentials.model_id = this.options.model_id || credentials.model_id;
-      credentials.voice_settings = this.options.voice_settings || {};
-      credentials.optimize_streaming_latency = this.options.optimize_streaming_latency
-      || credentials.optimize_streaming_latency;
-      voice = this.options.voice_id || voice;
-    }
-
-    ep.set({
-      tts_engine: vendor,
-      tts_voice: voice,
-      cache_speech_handles: 1,
-    }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, `${this.name}: Error setting tts_engine on endpoint`));
-
-    if (!preCache) this.logger.info({vendor, language, voice, model}, `${this.name}:exec`);
-    try {
-      if (!credentials) {
-        writeAlerts({
-          account_sid,
-          alert_type: AlertType.TTS_NOT_PROVISIONED,
-          vendor
-        }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for no tts'));
-        this.notifyError({
-          msg: 'TTS error',
-          details:`No speech credentials provisioned for selected vendor ${vendor}`
-        });
-        throw new Error('no provisioned speech credentials for TTS');
-      }
-      // synthesize all of the text elements
-      let lastUpdated = false;
-
-      /* produce an audio segment from the provided text */
-      const generateAudio = async(text) => {
-        if (this.killed) return;
-        if (text.startsWith('silence_stream://')) return text;
-
-        /* otel: trace time for tts */
-        if (!preCache && !this.parentTask)  {
-          const {span} = this.startChildSpan('tts-generation', {
-            'tts.vendor': vendor,
-            'tts.language': language,
-            'tts.voice': voice
-          });
-          this.otelSpan = span;
-        }
-        try {
-          const {filePath, servedFromCache, rtt} = await synthAudio(stats, {
-            account_sid,
-            text,
-            vendor,
-            language,
-            voice,
-            engine,
-            model,
-            salt,
-            credentials,
-            options: this.options,
-            disableTtsCache : this.disableTtsCache,
-            disableTtsStreaming,
-            preCache
-          });
-          if (!filePath.startsWith('say:')) {
-            this.logger.debug(`file ${filePath}, served from cache ${servedFromCache}`);
-            if (filePath) cs.trackTmpFile(filePath);
-            if (this.otelSpan) {
-              this.otelSpan.setAttributes({'tts.cached': servedFromCache});
-              this.otelSpan.end();
-              this.otelSpan = null;
-            }
-            if (!servedFromCache && !lastUpdated) {
-              lastUpdated = true;
-              updateSpeechCredentialLastUsed(credentials.speech_credential_sid).catch(() => {/* logged error */});
-            }
-            if (!servedFromCache && rtt && !preCache) {
-              this.notifyStatus({
-                event: 'synthesized-audio',
-                vendor,
-                language,
-                characters: text.length,
-                elapsedTime: rtt
-              });
-            }
-          }
-          else {
-            this.logger.debug('a streaming tts api will be used');
-            const modifiedPath = filePath.replace('say:{', `say:{session-uuid=${ep.uuid},`);
-            return modifiedPath;
-          }
-          return filePath;
-        } catch (err) {
-          this.logger.info({err}, 'Error synthesizing tts');
-          if (this.otelSpan) this.otelSpan.end();
-          writeAlerts({
-            account_sid: cs.accountSid,
-            alert_type: AlertType.TTS_FAILURE,
-            vendor,
-            detail: err.message
-          }).catch((err) => this.logger.info({err}, 'Error generating alert for tts failure'));
-          this.notifyError({msg: 'TTS error', details: err.message || err});
-          throw err;
-        }
-      };
-
-      const arr = this.text.map((t) => (this._validateURL(t) ? t : generateAudio(t)));
-      return (await Promise.all(arr)).filter((fp) => fp && fp.length);
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.info(err, 'TaskSay:exec error');
-      throw err;
-    }
-  }
-
-  _validateURL(urlString) {
-    try {
-      new URL(urlString);
-      return true;
-    } catch (e) {
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-module.exports = TtsTask;
--- a/lib/utils/action-hook-delay.js
+++ b/lib/utils/action-hook-delay.js
@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-const makeTask = require('../tasks/make_task');
-const Emitter = require('events');
-const { normalizeJambones } = require('@jambonz/verb-specifications');
-const {TaskName} = require('../utils/constants');
-const assert = require('assert');
-
-/**
- * ActionHookDelayProcessor
- * @extends Emitter
- *
- * @param {Object} logger - logger instance
- * @param {Object} opts - options
- * @param {Object} cs - call session
- * @param {Object} ep - endpoint
- *
- * @emits {Event} 'giveup' - when associated giveup timer expires
- *
- * Ref:https://www.jambonz.org/docs/supporting-articles/handling-action-hook-delays/
- */
-class ActionHookDelayProcessor extends Emitter {
-  constructor(logger, opts, cs) {
-    super();
-    this.logger = logger;
-    this.cs = cs;
-    this._active = false;
-
-    const enabled = this.init(opts);
-    if (enabled && (!this.actions || !Array.isArray(this.actions) || this.actions.length === 0)) {
-      throw new Error('ActionHookDelayProcessor: no actions specified');
-    }
-    else if (enabled && this.actions.some((a) => !a.verb || ![TaskName.Say, TaskName.Play].includes(a.verb))) {
-      throw new Error(`ActionHookDelayProcessor: invalid actions specified: ${JSON.stringify(this.actions)}`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  get properties() {
-    return {
-      actions: this.actions,
-      retries: this.retries,
-      noResponseTimeout: this.noResponseTimeout,
-      noResponseGiveUpTimeout: this.noResponseGiveUpTimeout
-    };
-  }
-
-  get ep() {
-    return this.cs.ep;
-  }
-
-  init(opts) {
-    this.logger.debug({opts}, 'ActionHookDelayProcessor#init');
-
-    this.actions = opts.actions;
-    this.retries = opts.retries || 0;
-    this.noResponseTimeout = opts.noResponseTimeout || 0;
-    this.noResponseGiveUpTimeout = opts.noResponseGiveUpTimeout;
-
-    // return false if these options actually disable the ahdp
-    return ('enable' in opts && opts.enable === true) ||
-      ('enabled' in opts && opts.enabled === true) ||
-      (!('enable' in opts) && !('enabled' in opts));
-  }
-
-  start() {
-    this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#start');
-    if (this._active) {
-      this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#start: already started due to prior gather which is continuing');
-      return;
-    }
-    assert(!this._noResponseTimer);
-    this._active = true;
-    this._retryCount = 0;
-    const timeoutMs =  this.noResponseTimeout === 0 ? 1 : this.noResponseTimeout * 1000;
-    this._noResponseTimer = setTimeout(this._onNoResponseTimer.bind(this), timeoutMs);
-
-    if (this.noResponseGiveUpTimeout > 0) {
-      const timeoutMs = this.noResponseGiveUpTimeout * 1000;
-      this._noResponseGiveUpTimer = setTimeout(this._onNoResponseGiveUpTimer.bind(this), timeoutMs);
-    }
-  }
-
-  async stop() {
-    this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#stop');
-    this._active = false;
-
-    if (this._noResponseTimer) {
-      clearTimeout(this._noResponseTimer);
-      this._noResponseTimer = null;
-    }
-    if (this._noResponseGiveUpTimer) {
-      clearTimeout(this._noResponseGiveUpTimer);
-      this._noResponseGiveUpTimer = null;
-    }
-    if (this._taskInProgress) {
-      this.logger.debug(`ActionHookDelayProcessor#stop: killing task in progress: ${this._taskInProgress.name}`);
-
-      /** if we are doing a play, kill it immediately
-       * if we are doing a say, wait for it to finish
-       */
-      if (TaskName.Say === this._taskInProgress.name) {
-        this._sayResolver = () => {
-          this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#stop: say is done, continue on..');
-          this._taskInProgress.kill(this.cs);
-          this._taskInProgress = null;
-        };
-        this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#stop returning promise');
-        return new Promise((resolve) => this._sayResolver = resolve);
-      }
-      else {
-        /* play */
-        this._taskInProgress.kill(this.cs);
-        this._taskInProgress = null;
-      }
-    }
-    this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#stop returning');
-  }
-
-  _onNoResponseTimer() {
-    this.logger.debug('ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseTimer');
-    this._noResponseTimer = null;
-
-    /* get the next play or say action */
-    const verb = this.actions[this._retryCount % this.actions.length];
-
-    const t = normalizeJambones(this.logger, [verb]);
-    this.logger.debug({verb}, 'ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseTimer: starting action');
-    try {
-      this._taskInProgress = makeTask(this.logger, t[0]);
-      this._taskInProgress.disableTracing = true;
-      this._taskInProgress.exec(this.cs, {ep: this.ep});
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.info(err, 'ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseTimer: error starting action');
-      this._taskInProgress = null;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.ep.once('playback-start', (evt) => {
-      this.logger.debug({evt}, 'got playback-start');
-      if (!this._active) {
-        this.logger.info({evt}, 'ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseTimer: killing audio immediately');
-        this.ep.api('uuid_break', this.ep.uuid)
-          .catch((err) => this.logger.info(err,
-            'ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseTimer Error killing audio'));
-      }
-    });
-
-    this.ep.once('playback-stop', (evt) => {
-      this._taskInProgress = null;
-      if (this._sayResolver) {
-        /* we were waiting for the play to finish before continuing to next task */
-        this.logger.debug({evt}, 'got playback-stop');
-        this._sayResolver();
-        this._sayResolver = null;
-      }
-      else {
-        /* possibly start the no response timer again */
-        if (this._active && this.retries > 0 && this._retryCount < this.retries && this.noResponseTimeout > 0) {
-          this.logger.debug({evt}, 'ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseTimer: playback-stop on play/say action');
-          const timeoutMs = this.noResponseTimeout * 1000;
-          this._noResponseTimer = setTimeout(this._onNoResponseTimer.bind(this), timeoutMs);
-        }
-      }
-    });
-
-    this._retryCount++;
-  }
-
-  _onNoResponseGiveUpTimer() {
-    this._active = false;
-    this.logger.info('ActionHookDelayProcessor#_onNoResponseGiveUpTimer');
-    this.stop().catch((err) => {});
-    this.emit('giveup');
-  }
-}
-
-module.exports = ActionHookDelayProcessor;
--- a/lib/utils/amd-utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils/amd-utils.js
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {

    /* set stt options */
    logger.info(`starting amd for vendor ${vendor} and language ${language}`);
-    const sttOpts = amd.setChannelVarsForStt({name: TaskName.Gather}, sttCredentials, language, {
+    const sttOpts = amd.setChannelVarsForStt({name: TaskName.Gather}, sttCredentials, {
      vendor,
      hints,
      enhancedModel: true,
--- a/lib/utils/background-task-manager.js
+++ b/lib/utils/background-task-manager.js
@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-const { normalizeJambones } = require('@jambonz/verb-specifications');
-const makeTask = require('../tasks/make_task');
-const { JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_BASE_URL, JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_USERNAME, JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD } = require('../config');
-const Emitter = require('events');
-
-class BackgroundTaskManager extends Emitter {
-  constructor({cs, logger, rootSpan}) {
-    super();
-    this.tasks = new Map();
-    this.cs = cs;
-    this.logger = logger;
-    this.rootSpan = rootSpan;
-  }
-
-  isTaskRunning(type) {
-    return this.tasks.has(type);
-  }
-
-  getTask(type) {
-    if (this.tasks.has(type)) {
-      return this.tasks.get(type);
-    }
-  }
-
-  count() {
-    return this.tasks.size;
-  }
-
-  async newTask(type, opts, sticky = false) {
-    this.logger.info({opts}, `initiating Background task ${type}`);
-    if (this.tasks.has(type)) {
-      this.logger.info(`Background task ${type} is running, skipped`);
-      return;
-    }
-    let task;
-    switch (type) {
-      case 'listen':
-        task = await this._initListen(opts);
-        break;
-      case 'bargeIn':
-        task = await this._initBargeIn(opts);
-        break;
-      case 'record':
-        task = await this._initRecord();
-        break;
-      case 'transcribe':
-        task = await this._initTranscribe(opts);
-        break;
-      default:
-        break;
-    }
-    if (task) {
-      this.tasks.set(type, task);
-    }
-    if (task && sticky) task.sticky = true;
-    return task;
-  }
-
-  stop(type) {
-    const task = this.getTask(type);
-    if (task) {
-      this.logger.info(`stopping background task: ${type}`);
-      task.removeAllListeners();
-      task.span.end();
-      task.kill();
-      // Remove task from managed List
-      this.tasks.delete(type);
-    }
-  }
-
-  stopAll() {
-    this.logger.debug('BackgroundTaskManager:stopAll');
-    for (const key of this.tasks.keys()) {
-      this.stop(key);
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Initiate Listen
-  async _initListen(opts, bugname = 'jambonz-background-listen', ignoreCustomerData = false, type = 'listen') {
-    let task;
-    try {
-      const t = normalizeJambones(this.logger, [opts]);
-      task = makeTask(this.logger, t[0]);
-      task.bugname = bugname;
-      task.ignoreCustomerData = ignoreCustomerData;
-      const resources = await this.cs._evaluatePreconditions(task);
-      const {span, ctx} = this.rootSpan.startChildSpan(`background-${type}:${task.summary}`);
-      task.span = span;
-      task.ctx = ctx;
-      task.exec(this.cs, resources)
-        .then(this._taskCompleted.bind(this, type, task))
-        .catch(this._taskError.bind(this, type, task));
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.info({err, opts}, `BackgroundTaskManager:_initListen - Error creating ${bugname} task`);
-    }
-    return task;
-  }
-
-  // Initiate Gather
-  async _initBargeIn(opts) {
-    let task;
-    try {
-      const t = normalizeJambones(this.logger, [opts]);
-      task = makeTask(this.logger, t[0]);
-      task
-        .once('dtmf', this._bargeInTaskCompleted.bind(this))
-        .once('vad', this._bargeInTaskCompleted.bind(this))
-        .once('transcription', this._bargeInTaskCompleted.bind(this))
-        .once('timeout', this._bargeInTaskCompleted.bind(this));
-      const resources = await this.cs._evaluatePreconditions(task);
-      const {span, ctx} = this.rootSpan.startChildSpan(`background-bargeIn:${task.summary}`);
-      task.span = span;
-      task.ctx = ctx;
-      task.bugname_prefix = 'background_bargeIn_';
-      task.exec(this.cs, resources)
-        .then(() => {
-          this._taskCompleted('bargeIn', task);
-          if (task.sticky && !this.cs.callGone && !this.cs._stopping) {
-            this.logger.info('BackgroundTaskManager:_initBargeIn: restarting background bargeIn');
-            this._bargeInHandled = false;
-            this.newTask('bargeIn', opts, true);
-          }
-          return;
-        })
-        .catch(this._taskError.bind(this, 'bargeIn', task));
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.info(err, 'BackgroundTaskManager:_initGather - Error creating bargeIn task');
-    }
-    return task;
-  }
-
-  // Initiate Record
-  async _initRecord() {
-    if (this.cs.accountInfo.account.record_all_calls || this.cs.application.record_all_calls) {
-      if (!JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_BASE_URL || !this.cs.accountInfo.account.bucket_credential) {
-        this.logger.error('_initRecord: invalid cfg - missing JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_BASE_URL or bucket config');
-        return undefined;
-      }
-      const listenOpts = {
-        url: `${JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_BASE_URL}/record/${this.cs.accountInfo.account.bucket_credential.vendor}`,
-        disableBidirectionalAudio: true,
-        mixType : 'stereo',
-        passDtmf: true
-      };
-      if (JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_USERNAME && JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD) {
-        listenOpts.wsAuth = {
-          username: JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_USERNAME,
-          password: JAMBONZ_RECORD_WS_PASSWORD
-        };
-      }
-      this.logger.debug({listenOpts}, '_initRecord: enabling listen');
-      return await this._initListen({verb: 'listen', ...listenOpts}, 'jambonz-session-record', true, 'record');
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Initiate Transcribe
-  async _initTranscribe(opts) {
-    let task;
-    try {
-      const t = normalizeJambones(this.logger, [opts]);
-      task = makeTask(this.logger, t[0]);
-      const resources = await this.cs._evaluatePreconditions(task);
-      const {span, ctx} = this.rootSpan.startChildSpan(`background-transcribe:${task.summary}`);
-      task.span = span;
-      task.ctx = ctx;
-      task.bugname_prefix = 'background_transcribe_';
-      task.exec(this.cs, resources)
-        .then(this._taskCompleted.bind(this, 'transcribe', task))
-        .catch(this._taskError.bind(this, 'transcribe', task));
-    } catch (err) {
-      this.logger.info(err, 'BackgroundTaskManager:_initTranscribe - Error creating transcribe task');
-    }
-    return task;
-  }
-
-  _taskCompleted(type, task) {
-    this.logger.debug({type, task}, `BackgroundTaskManager:_taskCompleted: task completed, sticky: ${task.sticky}`);
-    task.removeAllListeners();
-    task.span.end();
-    this.tasks.delete(type);
-  }
-  _taskError(type, task, error) {
-    this.logger.info({type, task, error}, 'BackgroundTaskManager:_taskError: task Error');
-    task.removeAllListeners();
-    task.span.end();
-    this.tasks.delete(type);
-  }
-
-  _bargeInTaskCompleted(evt) {
-    if (this._bargeInHandled) return;
-    this._bargeInHandled = true;
-    this.logger.debug({evt},
-      'BackgroundTaskManager:_bargeInTaskCompleted on event from background bargeIn, emitting bargein-done event');
-    this.emit('bargeIn-done', evt);
-  }
-}
-
-module.exports = BackgroundTaskManager;
--- a/lib/utils/constants.json
+++ b/lib/utils/constants.json
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 {
  "TaskName": {
-    "Answer": "answer",
+    "Cognigy": "cognigy",
    "Conference": "conference",
    "Config": "config",
    "Dequeue": "dequeue",
    "Dial": "dial",
    "Dialogflow": "dialogflow",
    "Dtmf": "dtmf",
-    "Dub": "dub",
    "Enqueue": "enqueue",
    "Gather": "gather",
    "Hangup": "hangup",
@@ -30,8 +29,7 @@
    "Tag": "tag",
    "Transcribe": "transcribe"
  },
-  "AllowedSipRecVerbs": ["answer", "config", "gather", "transcribe", "listen", "tag"],
-  "AllowedConfirmSessionVerbs": ["config", "gather", "plays", "say", "tag"],
+  "AllowedSipRecVerbs": ["config", "gather", "transcribe", "listen", "tag"],
  "CallStatus": {
    "Trying": "trying",
    "Ringing": "ringing",
@@ -97,10 +95,6 @@
    "Transcription": "soniox_transcribe::transcription",
    "Error": "soniox_transcribe::error"
  },
-  "VerbioTranscriptionEvents": {
-    "Transcription": "verbio_transcribe::transcription",
-    "Error": "verbio_transcribe::error"
-  },
  "CobaltTranscriptionEvents": {
    "Transcription": "cobalt_speech::transcription",
    "CompileContext": "cobalt_speech::compile_context_response",
@@ -138,9 +132,6 @@
    "ConnectFailure": "assemblyai_transcribe::connect_failed",
    "Connect": "assemblyai_transcribe::connect"
  },
-  "VadDetection": {
-    "Detection": "vad_detect:detection"
-  },
  "ListenEvents": {
    "Connect": "mod_audio_fork::connect",
    "ConnectFailure": "mod_audio_fork::connect_failed",
@@ -178,7 +169,6 @@
    "session:new",
    "session:reconnect",
    "session:redirect",
-    "session:adulting",
    "call:status",
    "queue:status",
    "dial:confirm",
--- a/lib/utils/db-utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils/db-utils.js
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ const speechMapper = (cred) => {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
      obj.access_key_id = o.access_key_id;
      obj.secret_access_key = o.secret_access_key;
-      obj.role_arn = o.role_arn;
      obj.aws_region = o.aws_region;
    }
    else if ('microsoft' === obj.vendor) {
@@ -76,8 +75,6 @@ const speechMapper = (cred) => {
    else if ('deepgram' === obj.vendor) {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
      obj.api_key = o.api_key;
-      obj.deepgram_stt_uri = o.deepgram_stt_uri;
-      obj.deepgram_stt_use_tls = o.deepgram_stt_use_tls;
    }
    else if ('soniox' === obj.vendor) {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
@@ -94,18 +91,6 @@ const speechMapper = (cred) => {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
      obj.api_key = o.api_key;
      obj.model_id = o.model_id;
-      obj.options = o.options;
-    } else if ('playht' === obj.vendor) {
-      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
-      obj.api_key = o.api_key;
-      obj.user_id = o.user_id;
-      obj.voice_engine = o.voice_engine;
-      obj.options = o.options;
-    } else if ('rimelabs' === obj.vendor) {
-      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
-      obj.api_key = o.api_key;
-      obj.model_id = o.model_id;
-      obj.options = o.options;
    } else if ('assemblyai' === obj.vendor) {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
      obj.api_key = o.api_key;
@@ -113,11 +98,6 @@ const speechMapper = (cred) => {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
      obj.api_key = o.api_key;
      obj.model_id = o.model_id;
-    }  else if ('verbio' === obj.vendor) {
-      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
-      obj.client_id = o.client_id;
-      obj.client_secret = o.client_secret;
-      obj.engine_version = o.engine_version;
    } else if (obj.vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
      const o = JSON.parse(decrypt(credential));
      obj.auth_token = o.auth_token;
--- a/lib/utils/http-requestor.js
+++ b/lib/utils/http-requestor.js
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ const {
  HTTP_PROXY_PORT,
  HTTP_PROXY_PROTOCOL,
  NODE_ENV,
-  HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER,
 } = require('../config');

 const toBase64 = (str) => Buffer.from(str || '', 'utf8').toString('base64');
@@ -117,10 +116,6 @@ class HttpRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
    const url = hook.url || hook;
    const method = hook.method || 'POST';
    let buf = '';
-    httpHeaders = {
-      ...httpHeaders,
-      ...(HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER && {'user-agent' : HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER})
-    };

    assert.ok(url, 'HttpRequestor:request url was not provided');
    assert.ok, (['GET', 'POST'].includes(method), `HttpRequestor:request method must be 'GET' or 'POST' not ${method}`);
--- a/lib/utils/install-srf-locals.js
+++ b/lib/utils/install-srf-locals.js
@@ -171,17 +171,14 @@ function installSrfLocals(srf, logger) {
    retrieveFromSortedSet,
    retrieveByPatternSortedSet,
    sortedSetLength,
-    sortedSetPositionByPattern,
+    sortedSetPositionByPattern
  } = require('@jambonz/realtimedb-helpers')({}, logger, tracer);
  const registrar = new Registrar(logger, client);
  const {
    synthAudio,
-    addFileToCache,
    getNuanceAccessToken,
    getIbmAccessToken,
-    getAwsAuthToken,
-    getVerbioAccessToken
-  } = require('@jambonz/speech-utils')({}, logger);
+  } = require('@jambonz/speech-utils')({redis_client: client}, logger);
  const {
    writeAlerts,
    AlertType
@@ -218,8 +215,6 @@ function installSrfLocals(srf, logger) {
      listCalls,
      deleteCall,
      synthAudio,
-      getAwsAuthToken,
-      addFileToCache,
      createHash,
      retrieveHash,
      deleteKey,
@@ -240,8 +235,7 @@ function installSrfLocals(srf, logger) {
      retrieveFromSortedSet,
      retrieveByPatternSortedSet,
      sortedSetLength,
-      sortedSetPositionByPattern,
-      getVerbioAccessToken
+      sortedSetPositionByPattern
    },
    parentLogger: logger,
    getSBC,
--- a/lib/utils/parse-decibels.js
+++ b/lib/utils/parse-decibels.js
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-const parseDecibels = (db) => {
-  if (!db) return 0;
-  if (typeof db === 'number') {
-    return db;
-  }
-  else if (typeof db === 'string') {
-    const match = db.match(/([+-]?\d+(\.\d+)?)\s*db/i);
-    if (match) {
-      return Math.trunc(parseFloat(match[1]));
-    } else {
-      return 0;
-    }
-  } else {
-    return 0;
-  }
-};
-
-module.exports = parseDecibels;
--- a/lib/utils/place-outdial.js
+++ b/lib/utils/place-outdial.js
@@ -15,14 +15,9 @@ const RootSpan = require('./call-tracer');
 const uuidv4 = require('uuid-random');
 const HttpRequestor = require('./http-requestor');
 const WsRequestor = require('./ws-requestor');
-const {makeOpusFirst} = require('./sdp-utils');
-const {
-  JAMBONES_USE_FREESWITCH_TIMER_FD
-} = require('../config');

 class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
-  constructor({logger, sbcAddress, target, opts, application, callInfo, accountInfo, rootSpan, startSpan, dialTask,
-    onHoldMusic}) {
+  constructor({logger, sbcAddress, target, opts, application, callInfo, accountInfo, rootSpan, startSpan, dialTask}) {
    super();
    assert(target.type);

@@ -45,7 +40,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {

    this.callSid = uuidv4();
    this.dialTask = dialTask;
-    this.onHoldMusic = onHoldMusic;

    this.on('callStatusChange', this._notifyCallStatusChange.bind(this));
  }
@@ -136,7 +130,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
      this.serviceUrl = srf.locals.serviceUrl;

      this.ep = await ms.createEndpoint();
-      this._configMsEndpoint();
      this.logger.debug(`SingleDialer:exec - created endpoint ${this.ep.uuid}`);

      /**
@@ -158,7 +151,7 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {

      Object.assign(opts, {
        proxy: `sip:${this.sbcAddress}`,
-        localSdp: opts.opusFirst ? makeOpusFirst(this.ep.local.sdp) : this.ep.local.sdp
+        localSdp: this.ep.local.sdp
      });
      if (this.target.auth) opts.auth = this.target.auth;
      inviteSpan = this.startSpan('invite', {
@@ -195,10 +188,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
            callSid: this.callSid,
            traceId: this.rootSpan.traceId
          });
-          if (this.dialTask && this.dialTask.tag !== null &&
-            typeof this.dialTask.tag === 'object' && !Array.isArray(this.dialTask.tag)) {
-            this.callInfo.customerData = this.dialTask.tag;
-          }
          this.logger = srf.locals.parentLogger.child({
            callSid: this.callSid,
            parentCallSid: this.parentCallInfo.callSid,
@@ -263,7 +252,7 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
        .on('modify', async(req, res) => {
          try {
            if (this.ep) {
-              if (this.dialTask && this.dialTask.isOnHoldEnabled) {
+              if (this.dialTask && this.dialTask.isOnHold) {
                this.logger.info('dial is onhold, emit event');
                this.emit('reinvite', req, res);
              } else {
@@ -295,17 +284,17 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
        if (err.status === 487) status.callStatus = CallStatus.NoAnswer;
        else if ([486, 600].includes(err.status)) status.callStatus = CallStatus.Busy;
        this.logger.info(`SingleDialer:exec outdial failure ${err.status}`);
-        inviteSpan?.setAttributes({'invite.status_code': err.status});
-        inviteSpan?.end();
+        inviteSpan.setAttributes({'invite.status_code': err.status});
+        inviteSpan.end();
      }
      else {
        this.logger.error(err, 'SingleDialer:exec');
        status.sipStatus = 500;
-        inviteSpan?.setAttributes({
+        inviteSpan.setAttributes({
          'invite.status_code': 500,
          'invite.err': err.message
        });
-        inviteSpan?.end();
+        inviteSpan.end();
      }
      this.emit('callStatusChange', status);
      if (this.ep) this.ep.destroy();
@@ -330,16 +319,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
    }
  }

-  _configMsEndpoint() {
-    const opts = {
-      ...(this.onHoldMusic && {holdMusic: `shout://${this.onHoldMusic.replace(/^https?:\/\//, '')}`}),
-      ...(JAMBONES_USE_FREESWITCH_TIMER_FD && {timer_name: 'timerfd'})
-    };
-    if (Object.keys(opts).length > 0) {
-      this.ep.set(opts);
-    }
-  }
-
  /**
   * Run an application on the call after answer, e.g. call screening.
   * Once the application completes in some fashion, emit an 'accepted' event
@@ -353,7 +332,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
      const json = await this.requestor.request('dial:confirm', confirmHook, this.callInfo.toJSON());
      if (!json || (Array.isArray(json) && json.length === 0)) {
        this.logger.info('SingleDialer:_executeApp: no tasks returned from confirm hook');
-        this.emit('accept');
        return;
      }
      const tasks = normalizeJambones(this.logger, json).map((tdata) => makeTask(this.logger, tdata));
@@ -413,7 +391,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
    const app = {...application};
    if ('WS' === app.call_hook?.method ||
      app.call_hook?.url.startsWith('ws://') || app.call_hook?.url.startsWith('wss://')) {
-      if (app.call_hook?.url) app.call_hook.url += '/adulting';
      const requestor = new WsRequestor(logger, this.accountInfo.account.account_sid,
        app.call_hook, this.accountInfo.account.webhook_secret);
      app.requestor = requestor;
@@ -428,8 +405,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
        this.accountInfo.account.webhook_secret);
      else app.notifier = {request: () => {}, close: () => {}};
    }
-    // Replace old application with new application.
-    this.application = app;
    const cs = new AdultingCallSession({
      logger: newLogger,
      singleDialer: this,
@@ -439,13 +414,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
      tasks,
      rootSpan
    });
-    app.requestor.request('session:adulting', '/adulting', {
-      ...cs.callInfo.toJSON(),
-      parentCallInfo: this.parentCallInfo
-    }).catch((err) => {
-      newLogger.error({err}, 'doAdulting: error sending adulting request');
-    });
-
    cs.req = this.req;
    cs.exec().catch((err) => newLogger.error({err}, 'doAdulting: error executing session'));
    return cs;
@@ -467,7 +435,6 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
  async reAnchorMedia() {
    assert(this.dlg && this.dlg.connected && !this.ep);
    this.ep = await this.ms.createEndpoint({remoteSdp: this.dlg.remote.sdp});
-    this._configMsEndpoint();
    await this.dlg.modify(this.ep.local.sdp, {
      headers: {
        'X-Reason': 'anchor-media'
@@ -498,12 +465,11 @@ class SingleDialer extends Emitter {
 }

 function placeOutdial({
-  logger, srf, ms, sbcAddress, target, opts, application, callInfo, accountInfo, rootSpan, startSpan, dialTask,
-  onHoldMusic
+  logger, srf, ms, sbcAddress, target, opts, application, callInfo, accountInfo, rootSpan, startSpan, dialTask
 }) {
  const myOpts = deepcopy(opts);
  const sd = new SingleDialer({
-    logger, sbcAddress, target, myOpts, application, callInfo, accountInfo, rootSpan, startSpan, dialTask, onHoldMusic
+    logger, sbcAddress, target, myOpts, application, callInfo, accountInfo, rootSpan, startSpan, dialTask
  });
  sd.exec(srf, ms, myOpts);
  return sd;
--- a/lib/utils/sdp-utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils/sdp-utils.js
@@ -12,30 +12,6 @@ const mergeSdpMedia = (sdp1, sdp2) => {
  return sdpTransform.write(parsedSdp1);
 };

-const getCodecPlacement = (parsedSdp, codec) => parsedSdp?.media[0]?.rtp?.findIndex((e) => e.codec === codec);
-
-const isOpusFirst = (sdp) => {
-  return getCodecPlacement(sdpTransform.parse(sdp), 'opus') === 0;
-};
-
-const makeOpusFirst = (sdp) => {
-  const parsedSdp = sdpTransform.parse(sdp);
-  // Find the index of the OPUS codec
-  const opusIndex = getCodecPlacement(parsedSdp, 'opus');
-
-  // Move OPUS codec to the beginning
-  if (opusIndex > 0) {
-    const opusEntry = parsedSdp.media[0].rtp.splice(opusIndex, 1)[0];
-    parsedSdp.media[0].rtp.unshift(opusEntry);
-
-    // Also move the corresponding payload type in the "m" line
-    const opusPayloadType = parsedSdp.media[0].payloads.split(' ')[opusIndex];
-    const otherPayloadTypes = parsedSdp.media[0].payloads.split(' ').filter((pt) => pt != opusPayloadType);
-    parsedSdp.media[0].payloads = [opusPayloadType, ...otherPayloadTypes].join(' ');
-  }
-  return sdpTransform.write(parsedSdp);
-};
-
 const extractSdpMedia = (sdp) => {
  const parsedSdp1 = sdpTransform.parse(sdp);
  if (parsedSdp1.media.length > 1) {
@@ -52,7 +28,5 @@ const extractSdpMedia = (sdp) => {
 module.exports = {
  isOnhold,
  mergeSdpMedia,
-  extractSdpMedia,
-  isOpusFirst,
-  makeOpusFirst
+  extractSdpMedia
 };
--- a/lib/utils/siprec-utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils/siprec-utils.js
@@ -97,12 +97,8 @@ const parseSiprecPayload = (req, logger) => {
            obj[`${prefix}participantstreamassoc`].forEach((ps) => {
              const part = participants[ps.$.participant_id];
              if (part) {
-                if (ps.hasOwnProperty(`${prefix}send`)) {
-                  part.send = ps[`${prefix}send`][0];
-                }
-                if (ps.hasOwnProperty(`${prefix}recv`)) {
-                  part.recv = ps[`${prefix}recv`][0];
-                }
+                part.send = ps[`${prefix}send`][0];
+                part.recv = ps[`${prefix}recv`][0];
              }
            });
          }
@@ -113,9 +109,9 @@ const parseSiprecPayload = (req, logger) => {
          obj[`${prefix}stream`].forEach((s) => {
            const streamId = s.$.stream_id;
            let sender;
-            for (const v of Object.values(participants)) {
+            for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(participants)) {
              if (v.send === streamId) {
-                sender = v;
+                sender = k;
                break;
              }
            }
@@ -125,15 +121,9 @@ const parseSiprecPayload = (req, logger) => {

            sender.label = s[`${prefix}label`][0];

-            if (-1 !== ['1', 'a_leg', 'inbound', '10'].indexOf(sender.label)) {
-              opts.caller.aor = sender.aor;
+            if (-1 !== ['1', 'a_leg', 'inbound'].indexOf(sender.label)) {
+              opts.caller.aor = sender.aor ;
              if (sender.name) opts.caller.name = sender.name;
-              // Remap the sdp stream base on sender label
-              if (!opts.sdp1.includes(`a=label:${sender.label}`)) {
-                const tmp = opts.sdp1;
-                opts.sdp1 = opts.sdp2;
-                opts.sdp2 = tmp;
-              }
            }
            else {
              opts.callee.aor = sender.aor ;
--- a/lib/utils/transcription-utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils/transcription-utils.js
@@ -1,5 +1,15 @@
 const {
  TaskName,
+  AzureTranscriptionEvents,
+  GoogleTranscriptionEvents,
+  AwsTranscriptionEvents,
+  NuanceTranscriptionEvents,
+  DeepgramTranscriptionEvents,
+  SonioxTranscriptionEvents,
+  NvidiaTranscriptionEvents,
+  CobaltTranscriptionEvents,
+  JambonzTranscriptionEvents,
+  AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents
 } = require('./constants.json');

 const stickyVars = {
@@ -102,55 +112,7 @@ const stickyVars = {
  ]
 };

-/**
- * @see https://developers.deepgram.com/docs/models-languages-overview
- */
-const optimalDeepramModels = {
-  zh: ['base', 'base'],
-  'zh-CN':['base', 'base'],
-  'zh-TW': ['base', 'base'],
-  da: ['enhanced', 'enhanced'],
-  en: ['nova-2-phonecall', 'nova-2'],
-  'en-US': ['nova-2-phonecall', 'nova-2'],
-  'en-AU': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'en-GB': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'en-IN': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'en-NZ': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  nl: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  fr: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'fr-CA': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  de: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  hi: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'hi-Latn': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  id: ['base', 'base'],
-  it: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  ja: ['enhanced', 'enhanced'],
-  ko: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  no: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  pl: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  pt: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'pt-BR': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'pt-PT': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  ru: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  es: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'es-419': ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  'es-LATAM': ['enhanced', 'enhanced'],
-  sv: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  ta: ['enhanced', 'enhanced'],
-  taq: ['enhanced', 'enhanced'],
-  tr: ['nova-2', 'nova-2'],
-  uk: ['nova-2', 'nova-2']
-};
-
-const selectDefaultDeepgramModel = (task, language) => {
-  if (language in optimalDeepramModels) {
-    const [gather, transcribe] = optimalDeepramModels[language];
-    return task.name === TaskName.Gather ? gather : transcribe;
-  }
-  return 'base';
-};
-
-const consolidateTranscripts = (bufferedTranscripts, channel, language, vendor) => {
+const consolidateTranscripts = (bufferedTranscripts, channel, language) => {
  if (bufferedTranscripts.length === 1) return bufferedTranscripts[0];
  let totalConfidence = 0;
  const finalTranscript = bufferedTranscripts.reduce((acc, evt) => {
@@ -191,7 +153,7 @@ const consolidateTranscripts = (bufferedTranscripts, channel, language, vendor)
    totalConfidence / bufferedTranscripts.length;
  finalTranscript.alternatives[0].transcript = finalTranscript.alternatives[0].transcript.trim();
  finalTranscript.vendor = {
-    name: vendor,
+    name: 'deepgram',
    evt: bufferedTranscripts
  };
  return finalTranscript;
@@ -270,7 +232,7 @@ const normalizeDeepgram = (evt, channel, language, shortUtterance) => {
    language_code: language,
    channel_tag: channel,
    is_final: shortUtterance ? evt.is_final : evt.speech_final,
-    alternatives: alternatives.length ? [alternatives[0]] : [],
+    alternatives: [alternatives[0]],
    vendor: {
      name: 'deepgram',
      evt: copy
@@ -376,34 +338,19 @@ const normalizeNuance = (evt, channel, language) => {
  };
 };

-const normalizeVerbio = (evt, channel, language) => {
-  const copy = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(evt));
-  return {
-    language_code: language,
-    channel_tag: channel,
-    is_final: evt.is_final,
-    alternatives: evt.alternatives,
-    vendor: {
-      name: 'verbio',
-      evt: copy
-    }
-  };
-};
-
-const normalizeMicrosoft = (evt, channel, language, punctuation = true) => {
+const normalizeMicrosoft = (evt, channel, language) => {
  const copy = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(evt));
  const nbest = evt.NBest;
  const language_code = evt.PrimaryLanguage?.Language || language;
  const alternatives = nbest ? nbest.map((n) => {
    return {
      confidence: n.Confidence,
-      // remove all puntuation if needed
-      transcript: punctuation ? n.Display : n.Display.replace(/\p{P}/gu, '')
+      transcript: n.Display
    };
  }) :
    [
      {
-        transcript: punctuation ? evt.DisplayText || evt.Text : (evt.DisplayText || evt.Text).replace(/\p{P}/gu, '')
+        transcript: evt.DisplayText || evt.Text
      }
    ];

@@ -453,14 +400,14 @@ const normalizeAssemblyAi = (evt, channel, language) => {
 };

 module.exports = (logger) => {
-  const normalizeTranscription = (evt, vendor, channel, language, shortUtterance, punctuation) => {
+  const normalizeTranscription = (evt, vendor, channel, language, shortUtterance) => {

    //logger.debug({ evt, vendor, channel, language }, 'normalizeTranscription');
    switch (vendor) {
      case 'deepgram':
        return normalizeDeepgram(evt, channel, language, shortUtterance);
      case 'microsoft':
-        return normalizeMicrosoft(evt, channel, language, punctuation);
+        return normalizeMicrosoft(evt, channel, language);
      case 'google':
        return normalizeGoogle(evt, channel, language);
      case 'aws':
@@ -477,8 +424,6 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
        return normalizeCobalt(evt, channel, language);
      case 'assemblyai':
        return normalizeAssemblyAi(evt, channel, language, shortUtterance);
-      case 'verbio':
-        return normalizeVerbio(evt, channel, language);
      default:
        if (vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
          return normalizeCustom(evt, channel, language, vendor);
@@ -488,15 +433,22 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
    }
  };

-  const setChannelVarsForStt = (task, sttCredentials, language, rOpts = {}) => {
+  const setChannelVarsForStt = (task, sttCredentials, rOpts = {}) => {
    let opts = {};
+    const {enable, voiceMs = 0, mode = -1} = rOpts.vad || {};
+    const vad = {enable, voiceMs, mode};
    const vendor = rOpts.vendor;

+    /* voice activity detection works across vendors */
+    opts = {
+      ...opts,
+      ...(vad.enable && {START_RECOGNIZING_ON_VAD: 1}),
+      ...(vad.enable && vad.voiceMs && {RECOGNIZER_VAD_VOICE_MS: vad.voiceMs}),
+      ...(vad.enable && typeof vad.mode === 'number' && {RECOGNIZER_VAD_MODE: vad.mode}),
+    };
+
    if ('google' === vendor) {
-      const useV2 = rOpts.googleOptions?.serviceVersion === 'v2';
-      const model = task.name === TaskName.Gather ?
-        (useV2 ? 'telephony_short' : 'command_and_search') :
-        (useV2 ? 'long' : 'latest_long');
+      const model = task.name === TaskName.Gather ? 'command_and_search' : 'latest_long';
      opts = {
        ...opts,
        ...(sttCredentials && {GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS: JSON.stringify(sttCredentials.credentials)}),
@@ -521,34 +473,13 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
        ...(rOpts.hints?.length > 0 && typeof rOpts.hints[0] === 'object' &&
          {GOOGLE_SPEECH_HINTS: JSON.stringify(rOpts.hints)}),
        ...(typeof rOpts.hintsBoost === 'number' && {GOOGLE_SPEECH_HINTS_BOOST: rOpts.hintsBoost}),
-        // When altLanguages is emptylist, we have to send value to freeswitch to clear the previous settings
-        ...(rOpts.altLanguages &&
+        ...(rOpts.altLanguages?.length > 0 &&
          {GOOGLE_SPEECH_ALTERNATIVE_LANGUAGE_CODES: [...new Set(rOpts.altLanguages)].join(',')}),
        ...(rOpts.interactionType &&
          {GOOGLE_SPEECH_METADATA_INTERACTION_TYPE: rOpts.interactionType}),
        ...{GOOGLE_SPEECH_MODEL: rOpts.model || model},
        ...(rOpts.naicsCode > 0 && {GOOGLE_SPEECH_METADATA_INDUSTRY_NAICS_CODE: rOpts.naicsCode}),
        GOOGLE_SPEECH_METADATA_RECORDING_DEVICE_TYPE: 'phone_line',
-        ...(useV2 && {
-          GOOGLE_SPEECH_RECOGNIZER_PARENT: `projects/${sttCredentials.credentials.project_id}/locations/global`,
-          GOOGLE_SPEECH_CLOUD_SERVICES_VERSION: 'v2',
-          ...(rOpts.googleOptions?.speechStartTimeoutMs && {
-            GOOGLE_SPEECH_START_TIMEOUT_MS: rOpts.googleOptions.speechStartTimeoutMs
-          }),
-          ...(rOpts.googleOptions?.speechEndTimeoutMs && {
-            GOOGLE_SPEECH_END_TIMEOUT_MS: rOpts.googleOptions.speechEndTimeoutMs
-          }),
-          ...(rOpts.googleOptions?.transcriptNormalization && {
-            GOOGLE_SPEECH_TRANSCRIPTION_NORMALIZATION: JSON.stringify(rOpts.googleOptions.transcriptNormalization)
-          }),
-          ...(rOpts.googleOptions?.enableVoiceActivityEvents && {
-            GOOGLE_SPEECH_ENABLE_VOICE_ACTIVITY_EVENTS: rOpts.googleOptions.enableVoiceActivityEvents
-          }),
-          ...(rOpts.sgoogleOptions?.recognizerId) && {GOOGLE_SPEECH_RECOGNIZER_ID: rOpts.googleOptions.recognizerId},
-          ...(rOpts.googleOptions?.enableVoiceActivityEvents && {
-            GOOGLE_SPEECH_ENABLE_VOICE_ACTIVITY_EVENTS: rOpts.googleOptions.enableVoiceActivityEvents
-          }),
-        }),
      };
    }
    else if (['aws', 'polly'].includes(vendor)) {
@@ -558,10 +489,9 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
        ...(rOpts.vocabularyFilterName && {AWS_VOCABULARY_FILTER_NAME: rOpts.vocabularyFilterName}),
        ...(rOpts.filterMethod && {AWS_VOCABULARY_FILTER_METHOD: rOpts.filterMethod}),
        ...(sttCredentials && {
-          ...(sttCredentials.accessKeyId && {AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: sttCredentials.accessKeyId}),
-          ...(sttCredentials.secretAccessKey && {AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: sttCredentials.secretAccessKey}),
-          AWS_REGION: sttCredentials.region,
-          ...(sttCredentials.sessionToken && {AWS_SESSION_TOKEN: sttCredentials.sessionToken}),
+          AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: sttCredentials.accessKeyId,
+          AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: sttCredentials.secretAccessKey,
+          AWS_REGION: sttCredentials.region
        }),
      };
    }
@@ -573,8 +503,7 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
          {AZURE_SPEECH_HINTS: rOpts.hints.map((h) => h.trim()).join(',')}),
        ...(rOpts.hints?.length > 0 && typeof rOpts.hints[0] === 'object' &&
          {AZURE_SPEECH_HINTS: rOpts.hints.map((h) => h.phrase).join(',')}),
-        // When altLanguages is emptylist, we have to send value to freeswitch to clear the previous settings
-        ...(rOpts.altLanguages &&
+        ...(rOpts.altLanguages && rOpts.altLanguages.length > 0 &&
          {AZURE_SPEECH_ALTERNATIVE_LANGUAGE_CODES: [...new Set(rOpts.altLanguages)].join(',')}),
        ...(rOpts.requestSnr && {AZURE_REQUEST_SNR: 1}),
        ...(rOpts.profanityOption && {AZURE_PROFANITY_OPTION: rOpts.profanityOption}),
@@ -588,19 +517,12 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
        ...{AZURE_USE_OUTPUT_FORMAT_DETAILED: 1},
        ...(azureOptions.speechSegmentationSilenceTimeoutMs &&
          {AZURE_SPEECH_SEGMENTATION_SILENCE_TIMEOUT_MS: azureOptions.speechSegmentationSilenceTimeoutMs}),
-        ...(azureOptions.languageIdMode &&
-          {AZURE_LANGUAGE_ID_MODE: azureOptions.languageIdMode}),
-        ...(azureOptions.postProcessing &&
-          {AZURE_POST_PROCESSING_OPTION: azureOptions.postProcessing}),
        ...(sttCredentials && {
          ...(sttCredentials.api_key && {AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_KEY: sttCredentials.api_key}),
          ...(sttCredentials.region && {AZURE_REGION: sttCredentials.region}),
        }),
        ...(sttCredentials.use_custom_stt && sttCredentials.custom_stt_endpoint &&
          {AZURE_SERVICE_ENDPOINT_ID: sttCredentials.custom_stt_endpoint}),
-        //azureSttEndpointId overrides sttCredentials.custom_stt_endpoint
-        ...(rOpts.azureSttEndpointId &&
-          {AZURE_SERVICE_ENDPOINT_ID: rOpts.azureSttEndpointId}),
      };
    }
    else if ('nuance' === vendor) {
@@ -652,24 +574,15 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
      };
    }
    else if ('deepgram' === vendor) {
-      let {model} = rOpts;
      const {deepgramOptions = {}} = rOpts;
-      const deepgramUri = deepgramOptions.deepgramSttUri || sttCredentials.deepgram_stt_uri;
-      const useTls = deepgramOptions.deepgramSttUseTls || sttCredentials.deepgram_stt_use_tls;
-
-      /* default to a sensible model if not supplied */
-      if (!model) {
-        model = selectDefaultDeepgramModel(task, language);
-      }
      opts = {
        ...opts,
-        DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_MODEL: model,
-        ...(deepgramUri && {DEEPGRAM_URI: deepgramUri}),
-        ...(deepgramUri && useTls && {DEEPGRAM_USE_TLS: 1}),
        ...(sttCredentials.api_key) &&
          {DEEPGRAM_API_KEY: sttCredentials.api_key},
        ...(deepgramOptions.tier) &&
          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_TIER: deepgramOptions.tier},
+        ...(deepgramOptions.model) &&
+          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_MODEL: deepgramOptions.model},
        ...(deepgramOptions.punctuate) &&
          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_PUNCTUATION: 1},
        ...(deepgramOptions.smartFormatting) &&
@@ -699,9 +612,7 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
        ...(deepgramOptions.keywords) &&
          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_KEYWORDS: deepgramOptions.keywords.join(',')},
        ...('endpointing' in deepgramOptions) &&
-          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_ENDPOINTING: deepgramOptions.endpointing === false ? 'false' : deepgramOptions.endpointing,
-            // default DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_UTTERANCE_END_MS is 1000, will be override by user settings later if there is.
-            DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_UTTERANCE_END_MS: 1000},
+          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_ENDPOINTING: deepgramOptions.endpointing},
        ...(deepgramOptions.utteranceEndMs) &&
          {DEEPGRAM_SPEECH_UTTERANCE_END_MS: deepgramOptions.utteranceEndMs},
        ...(deepgramOptions.vadTurnoff) &&
@@ -814,26 +725,8 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
        ...(rOpts.hints?.length > 0 &&
          {ASSEMBLYAI_WORD_BOOST: JSON.stringify(rOpts.hints)})
      };
-    } else if ('verbio' === vendor) {
-      const {verbioOptions = {}} = rOpts;
-      opts = {
-        ...opts,
-        ...(sttCredentials.access_token && { VERBIO_ACCESS_TOKEN: sttCredentials.access_token}),
-        ...(sttCredentials.engine_version && {VERBIO_ENGINE_VERSION: sttCredentials.engine_version}),
-        ...(language && {VERBIO_LANGUAGE: language}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.enable_formatting && {VERBIO_ENABLE_FORMATTING: verbioOptions.enable_formatting}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.enable_diarization && {VERBIO_ENABLE_DIARIZATION: verbioOptions.enable_diarization}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.topic && {VERBIO_TOPIC: verbioOptions.topic}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.inline_grammar && {VERBIO_INLINE_GRAMMAR: verbioOptions.inline_grammar}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.grammar_uri && {VERBIO_GRAMMAR_URI: verbioOptions.grammar_uri}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.label && {VERBIO_LABEL: verbioOptions.label}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.recognition_timeout && {VERBIO_RECOGNITION_TIMEOUT: verbioOptions.recognition_timeout}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.speech_complete_timeout &&
-          {VERBIO_SPEECH_COMPLETE_TIMEOUT: verbioOptions.speech_complete_timeout}),
-        ...(verbioOptions.speech_incomplete_timeout &&
-          {VERBIO_SPEECH_INCOMPLETE_TIMEOUT: verbioOptions.speech_incomplete_timeout}),
-      };
-    } else if (vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
+    }
+    else if (vendor.startsWith('custom:')) {
      let {options = {}} = rOpts;
      const {auth_token, custom_stt_url} = sttCredentials;
      options = {
@@ -847,7 +740,7 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {

      opts = {
        ...opts,
-        ...(auth_token && {JAMBONZ_STT_API_KEY: auth_token}),
+        JAMBONZ_STT_API_KEY: auth_token,
        JAMBONZ_STT_URL: custom_stt_url,
        ...(Object.keys(options).length > 0 && {JAMBONZ_STT_OPTIONS: JSON.stringify(options)}),
      };
@@ -859,6 +752,48 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
    return opts;
  };

+  const removeSpeechListeners = (ep) => {
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.EndOfUtterance);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(GoogleTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AwsTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.NoSpeechDetected);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AzureTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.TranscriptionComplete);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.StartOfSpeech);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NuanceTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.Connect);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(DeepgramTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(SonioxTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(CobaltTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(CobaltTranscriptionEvents.CompileContext);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.TranscriptionComplete);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.StartOfSpeech);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(NvidiaTranscriptionEvents.VadDetected);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Connect);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(JambonzTranscriptionEvents.Error);
+
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Transcription);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.Connect);
+    ep.removeCustomEventListener(AssemblyAiTranscriptionEvents.ConnectFailure);
+  };
+
  const setSpeechCredentialsAtRuntime = (recognizer) => {
    if (!recognizer) return;
    if (recognizer.vendor === 'nuance') {
@@ -897,6 +832,7 @@ module.exports = (logger) => {
  return {
    normalizeTranscription,
    setChannelVarsForStt,
+    removeSpeechListeners,
    setSpeechCredentialsAtRuntime,
    compileSonioxTranscripts,
    consolidateTranscripts
--- a/lib/utils/ws-requestor.js
+++ b/lib/utils/ws-requestor.js
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ const {
  JAMBONES_WS_PING_INTERVAL_MS,
  MAX_RECONNECTS,
  JAMBONES_WS_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT_MS,
-  JAMBONES_WS_MAX_PAYLOAD,
-  HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER
+  JAMBONES_WS_MAX_PAYLOAD
 } = require('../config');

 class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
@@ -56,12 +55,6 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
    }

    if (type === 'session:new') this.call_sid = params.callSid;
-    if (type === 'session:reconnect') {
-      this._reconnectPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-        this._reconnectResolve = resolve;
-        this._reconnectReject = reject;
-      });
-    }

    /* if we have an absolute url, and it is http then do a standard webhook */
    if (this._isAbsoluteUrl(url) && url.startsWith('http')) {
@@ -77,23 +70,20 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
    }

    /* connect if necessary */
-    const queueMsg = () => {
-      this.logger.debug(
-        `WsRequestor:request(${this.id}) - queueing ${type} message since we are connecting`);
-      if (wantsAck) {
-        const p = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-          this.queuedMsg.push({type, hook, params, httpHeaders, promise: {resolve, reject}});
-        });
-        return p;
-      }
-      else {
-        this.queuedMsg.push({type, hook, params, httpHeaders});
-      }
-      return;
-    };
    if (!this.ws) {
      if (this.connectInProgress) {
-        return queueMsg();
+        this.logger.debug(
+          `WsRequestor:request(${this.id}) - queueing ${type} message since we are connecting`);
+        if (wantsAck) {
+          const p = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+            this.queuedMsg.push({type, hook, params, httpHeaders, promise: {resolve, reject}});
+          });
+          return p;
+        }
+        else {
+          this.queuedMsg.push({type, hook, params, httpHeaders});
+        }
+        return;
      }
      this.connectInProgress = true;
      this.logger.debug(`WsRequestor:request(${this.id}) - connecting since we do not have a connection for ${type}`);
@@ -111,10 +101,6 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
        return Promise.reject(err);
      }
    }
-    // If jambonz wait for ack from reconnect, queue the msg until reconnect is acked
-    if (type !== 'session:reconnect' && this._reconnectPromise) {
-      return queueMsg();
-    }
    assert(this.ws);

    /* prepare and send message */
@@ -132,7 +118,7 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
      type,
      msgid,
      call_sid: this.call_sid,
-      hook: ['verb:hook', 'session:redirect'].includes(type) ? url : undefined,
+      hook: type === 'verb:hook' ? url : undefined,
      data: {...payload},
      ...b3
    };
@@ -152,18 +138,6 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
      }
    };

-    const rejectQueuedMsgs = (err) => {
-      if (this.queuedMsg.length > 0) {
-        for (const {promise} of this.queuedMsg) {
-          this.logger.debug(`WsRequestor:request - preparing queued ${type} for rejectQueuedMsgs`);
-          if (promise) {
-            promise.reject(err);
-          }
-        }
-        this.queuedMsg.length = 0;
-      }
-    };
-
    //this.logger.debug({obj}, `websocket: sending (${url})`);

    /* special case: reconnecting before we received ack to session:new */
@@ -204,37 +178,16 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
          this.logger.debug({response}, `WsRequestor:request ${url} succeeded in ${rtt}ms`);
          this.stats.histogram('app.hook.ws_response_time', rtt, ['hook_type:app']);
          resolve(response);
-          if (this._reconnectResolve) {
-            this._reconnectResolve();
-          }
        },
        failure: (err) => {
-          if (this._reconnectReject) {
-            this._reconnectReject(err);
-          }
          clearTimeout(timer);
          reject(err);
        }
      });

      /* send the message */
-      this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(obj), async() => {
+      this.ws.send(JSON.stringify(obj), () => {
        this.logger.debug({obj}, `WsRequestor:request websocket: sent (${url})`);
-        // If session:reconnect is waiting for ack, hold here until ack to send queuedMsgs
-        if (this._reconnectPromise) {
-          try {
-            await this._reconnectPromise;
-          } catch (err) {
-            // bad thing happened to session:recconnect
-            rejectQueuedMsgs(err);
-            this.emit('reconnect-error');
-            return;
-          } finally {
-            this._reconnectPromise = null;
-            this._reconnectResolve = null;
-            this._reconnectReject = null;
-          }
-        }
        sendQueuedMsgs();
      });
    });
@@ -275,9 +228,6 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
        maxRedirects: 2,
        handshakeTimeout,
        maxPayload: JAMBONES_WS_MAX_PAYLOAD ? parseInt(JAMBONES_WS_MAX_PAYLOAD) : 24 * 1024,
-        headers: {
-          ...(HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER && {'user-agent' : HTTP_USER_AGENT_HEADER})
-        }
      };
      if (this.username && this.password) opts = {...opts, auth: `${this.username}:${this.password}`};

@@ -372,9 +322,7 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
          'WsRequestor:_onSocketClosed time to reconnect');
        if (!this.ws && !this.connectInProgress) {
          this.connectInProgress = true;
-          return this._connect()
-            .catch((err) => this.logger.error('WsRequestor:_onSocketClosed There is error while reconnect', err))
-            .finally(() => this.connectInProgress = false);
+          this._connect().catch((err) => this.connectInProgress = false);
        }
      }, this.backoffMs);
      this.backoffMs = this.backoffMs < 2000 ? this.backoffMs * 2 : (this.backoffMs + 2000);
@@ -392,9 +340,7 @@ class WsRequestor extends BaseRequestor {
    /* messages must be JSON format */
    try {
      const obj = JSON.parse(content);
-      //const {type, msgid, command, call_sid = this.call_sid, queueCommand = false, data} = obj;
-      const {type, msgid, command, queueCommand = false, data} = obj;
-      const call_sid = obj.callSid || this.call_sid;
+      const {type, msgid, command, call_sid = this.call_sid, queueCommand = false, data} = obj;

      //this.logger.debug({obj}, 'WsRequestor:request websocket: received');
      assert.ok(type, 'type property not supplied');
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 {
  "name": "jambonz-feature-server",
-  "version": "0.9.0",
+  "version": "0.8.5",
  "main": "app.js",
  "engines": {
-    "node": ">= 18.x"
+    "node": ">= 10.16.0"
  },
  "keywords": [
    "sip",
@@ -25,57 +25,57 @@
    "jslint:fix": "eslint app.js tracer.js lib --fix"
  },
  "dependencies": {
-    "@aws-sdk/client-auto-scaling": "^3.549.0",
-    "@aws-sdk/client-sns": "^3.549.0",
-    "@jambonz/db-helpers": "^0.9.6",
+    "@aws-sdk/client-auto-scaling": "^3.360.0",
+    "@aws-sdk/client-sns": "^3.360.0",
+    "@jambonz/db-helpers": "^0.9.1",
    "@jambonz/http-health-check": "^0.0.1",
-    "@jambonz/mw-registrar": "^0.2.7",
-    "@jambonz/realtimedb-helpers": "^0.8.8",
-    "@jambonz/speech-utils": "^0.1.11",
-    "@jambonz/stats-collector": "^0.1.10",
+    "@jambonz/mw-registrar": "^0.2.4",
+    "@jambonz/realtimedb-helpers": "^0.8.7",
+    "@jambonz/speech-utils": "^0.0.26",
+    "@jambonz/stats-collector": "^0.1.9",
    "@jambonz/time-series": "^0.2.8",
-    "@jambonz/verb-specifications": "^0.0.74",
-    "@opentelemetry/api": "^1.8.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/exporter-jaeger": "^1.23.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/exporter-trace-otlp-http": "^0.50.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/exporter-zipkin": "^1.23.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation": "^0.50.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/resources": "^1.23.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base": "^1.23.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-node": "^1.23.0",
-    "@opentelemetry/semantic-conventions": "^1.23.0",
+    "@jambonz/verb-specifications": "^0.0.46",
+    "@opentelemetry/api": "^1.4.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/exporter-jaeger": "^1.9.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/exporter-trace-otlp-http": "^0.35.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/exporter-zipkin": "^1.9.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/instrumentation": "^0.35.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/resources": "^1.9.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base": "^1.9.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-node": "^1.9.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/semantic-conventions": "^1.9.0",
    "bent": "^7.3.12",
    "debug": "^4.3.4",
    "deepcopy": "^2.1.0",
-    "drachtio-fsmrf": "^3.0.43",
-    "drachtio-srf": "^4.5.35",
-    "express": "^4.19.2",
+    "drachtio-fsmrf": "^3.0.28",
+    "drachtio-srf": "^4.5.31",
+    "express": "^4.18.2",
    "express-validator": "^7.0.1",
-    "ip": "^2.0.1",
-    "moment": "^2.30.1",
-    "parse-url": "^9.2.0",
-    "pino": "^8.20.0",
+    "ip": "^1.1.8",
+    "moment": "^2.29.4",
+    "parse-url": "^8.1.0",
+    "pino": "^8.8.0",
    "polly-ssml-split": "^0.1.0",
    "proxyquire": "^2.1.3",
-    "sdp-transform": "^2.14.2",
-    "short-uuid": "^5.1.0",
-    "sinon": "^17.0.1",
+    "sdp-transform": "^2.14.1",
+    "short-uuid": "^4.2.2",
+    "sinon": "^15.0.1",
    "to-snake-case": "^1.0.0",
-    "undici": "^6.19.2",
+    "undici": "^5.26.2",
    "uuid-random": "^1.3.2",
    "verify-aws-sns-signature": "^0.1.0",
-    "ws": "^8.17.1",
+    "ws": "^8.9.0",
    "xml2js": "^0.6.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "clear-module": "^4.1.2",
-    "eslint": "7.32.0",
-    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^6.1.1",
+    "eslint": "^7.32.0",
+    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^4.3.1",
    "nyc": "^15.1.0",
-    "tape": "^5.7.5"
+    "tape": "^5.6.1"
  },
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "bufferutil": "^4.0.8",
-    "utf-8-validate": "^6.0.3"
+    "bufferutil": "^4.0.6",
+    "utf-8-validate": "^5.0.8"
  }
 }
--- a/test/create-call-test.js
+++ b/test/create-call-test.js
@@ -99,8 +99,6 @@ test('test create-call call-hook basic authentication', async(t) => {
    let obj = await getJSON(`http:127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}`)
    t.ok(obj.headers.Authorization = 'Basic dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ=',
      'create-call: call-hook contains basic authentication header');
-    t.ok(obj.headers['user-agent'] = 'jambonz',
-    'create-call: call-hook contains user-agent header');
    disconnect();
  } catch (err) {
    console.log(`error received: ${err}`);
--- a/test/docker-compose-testbed.yaml
+++ b/test/docker-compose-testbed.yaml
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ services:
        ipv4_address: 172.38.0.7

  drachtio:
-    image: drachtio/drachtio-server:0.8.25-rc8
+    image: drachtio/drachtio-server:0.8.22
    restart: always
    command: drachtio --contact "sip:*;transport=udp" --mtu 4096 --address 0.0.0.0 --port 9022
    ports:
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ services:
        condition: service_healthy

  freeswitch:
-    image: drachtio/drachtio-freeswitch-mrf:0.7.3
+    image: drachtio/drachtio-freeswitch-mrf:0.4.33
    restart: always
    command: freeswitch --rtp-range-start 20000 --rtp-range-end 20100
    environment:
--- a/test/hangup-test.js
+++ b/test/hangup-test.js
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-const test = require('tape');
-const { sippUac } = require('./sipp')('test_fs');
-const clearModule = require('clear-module');
-const {provisionCallHook, provisionCustomHook} = require('./utils')
-const bent = require('bent');
-const getJSON = bent('json')
-
-process.on('unhandledRejection', (reason, p) => {
-  console.log('Unhandled Rejection at: Promise', p, 'reason:', reason);
-});
-
-function connect(connectable) {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    connectable.on('connect', () => {
-      return resolve();
-    });
-  });
-}
-
-test('\'hangup\' custom headers', async(t) => {
-  clearModule.all();
-  const {srf, disconnect} = require('../app');
-
-  try {
-    await connect(srf);
-
-    // GIVEN
-    const verbs = [
-      {
-        verb: 'play',
-        url: 'https://example.com/example.mp3'
-      },
-      {
-        "verb": "hangup",
-        "headers": {
-          "X-Reason" : "maximum call duration exceeded"
-        }
-      }
-    ];
-
-    const from = 'hangup_custom_headers';
-    await provisionCallHook(from, verbs)
-
-    // THEN
-    await sippUac('uac-success-received-bye.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
-    t.pass('play: succeeds when using single link');
-    disconnect();
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.log(`error received: ${err}`);
-    disconnect();
-    t.error(err);
-  }
-});
--- a/test/index.js
+++ b/test/index.js
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@ require('./listen-tests');
 require('./config-test');
 require('./queue-test');
 require('./in-dialog-test');
-require('./hangup-test');
-require('./sdp-utils-test');
 require('./http-proxy-test');
 require('./remove-test-db');
 require('./docker_stop');
--- a/test/play-tests.js
+++ b/test/play-tests.js
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ test('\'play\' tests with seekOffset and actionHook', async(t) => {
    const seconds = parseInt(obj.body.playback_seconds);
    const milliseconds = parseInt(obj.body.playback_milliseconds);
    const lastOffsetPos = parseInt(obj.body.playback_last_offset_pos);
-    console.log({obj}, 'lastRequest');
+    //console.log({obj}, 'lastRequest');
    t.ok(obj.body.reason === "playCompleted", "play: actionHook success received");
    t.ok(seconds === 2, "playback_seconds: actionHook success received");
    t.ok(milliseconds === 2048, "playback_milliseconds: actionHook success received");
--- a/test/sdp-utils-test.js
+++ b/test/sdp-utils-test.js
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-const test = require('tape');
-const {makeOpusFirst, isOpusFirst} = require('../lib/utils/sdp-utils');
-const sdpTransform = require('sdp-transform');
-
-test('test opus first', (t) => {
-    const sdp = 'v=0\r\no=- 3348584794228993675 2 IN IP4 127.0.0.1\r\ns=-\r\nt=0 0\r\na=group:BUNDLE 0\r\na=extmap-allow-mixed\r\na=msid-semantic: WMS caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335\r\nm=audio 57088 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 111 63 9 0 8 13 110 126\r\nc=IN IP4 14.238.89.50\r\na=rtcp:9 IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\na=candidate:1401281302 1 udp 2122260223 10.231.36.146 57088 typ host generation 0 network-id 1 network-cost 10\r\na=candidate:2173263513 1 udp 1686052607 14.238.89.50 57088 typ srflx raddr 10.231.36.146 rport 57088 generation 0 network-id 1 network-cost 10\r\na=ice-ufrag:k5nc\r\na=ice-pwd:J0qwMs6HrIcFNZbDG5m8Kqpk\r\na=ice-options:trickle\r\na=fingerprint:sha-256 66:DE:9A:76:CE:11:2D:65:C4:08:C7:87:B4:90:7E:F1:8D:07:B9:F4:FF:E3:81:D7:E7:7D:C6:56:47:01:6E:55\r\na=setup:actpass\r\na=mid:0\r\na=extmap:1 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:ssrc-audio-level\r\na=extmap:2 http://www.webrtc.org/experiments/rtp-hdrext/abs-send-time\r\na=extmap:3 http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-holmer-rmcat-transport-wide-cc-extensions-01\r\na=extmap:4 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:sdes:mid\r\na=sendrecv\r\na=msid:caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335 52ad01f1-b1df-4b8e-a208-9201e98b6f7b\r\na=rtcp-mux\r\na=rtcp-fb:111 transport-cc\r\na=fmtp:111 minptime=10;useinbandfec=1\r\na=rtpmap:63 red/48000/2\r\na=fmtp:63 111/111\r\na=rtpmap:9 G722/8000\r\na=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000\r\na=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000\r\na=rtpmap:13 CN/8000\r\na=rtpmap:111 opus/48000/2\r\na=rtpmap:110 telephone-event/48000\r\na=rtpmap:126 telephone-event/8000\r\na=ssrc:3207459321 cname:4nyPJ6KXvseBUIhu\r\na=ssrc:3207459321 msid:caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335 52ad01f1-b1df-4b8e-a208-9201e98b6f7b\r\n';
-    const opusSdp = makeOpusFirst(sdp);
-    const parsedSdp = sdpTransform.parse(opusSdp);
-    const opusIndex = parsedSdp.media[0].rtp.findIndex((entry) => entry.codec === 'opus');
-    t.ok(opusIndex === 0, 'succesffuly move opus to be first offer')
-    t.end();
-});
-
-
-test('test is opus first', (t) => {
-
-    const sdp = 'v=0\r\no=- 3348584794228993675 2 IN IP4 127.0.0.1\r\ns=-\r\nt=0 0\r\na=group:BUNDLE 0\r\na=extmap-allow-mixed\r\na=msid-semantic: WMS caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335\r\nm=audio 57088 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 111 63 9 0 8 13 110 126\r\nc=IN IP4 14.238.89.50\r\na=rtcp:9 IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\na=candidate:1401281302 1 udp 2122260223 10.231.36.146 57088 typ host generation 0 network-id 1 network-cost 10\r\na=candidate:2173263513 1 udp 1686052607 14.238.89.50 57088 typ srflx raddr 10.231.36.146 rport 57088 generation 0 network-id 1 network-cost 10\r\na=ice-ufrag:k5nc\r\na=ice-pwd:J0qwMs6HrIcFNZbDG5m8Kqpk\r\na=ice-options:trickle\r\na=fingerprint:sha-256 66:DE:9A:76:CE:11:2D:65:C4:08:C7:87:B4:90:7E:F1:8D:07:B9:F4:FF:E3:81:D7:E7:7D:C6:56:47:01:6E:55\r\na=setup:actpass\r\na=mid:0\r\na=extmap:1 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:ssrc-audio-level\r\na=extmap:2 http://www.webrtc.org/experiments/rtp-hdrext/abs-send-time\r\na=extmap:3 http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-holmer-rmcat-transport-wide-cc-extensions-01\r\na=extmap:4 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:sdes:mid\r\na=sendrecv\r\na=msid:caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335 52ad01f1-b1df-4b8e-a208-9201e98b6f7b\r\na=rtcp-mux\r\na=rtpmap:111 opus/48000/2\r\na=rtcp-fb:111 transport-cc\r\na=fmtp:111 minptime=10;useinbandfec=1\r\na=rtpmap:63 red/48000/2\r\na=fmtp:63 111/111\r\na=rtpmap:9 G722/8000\r\na=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000\r\na=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000\r\na=rtpmap:13 CN/8000\r\na=rtpmap:110 telephone-event/48000\r\na=rtpmap:126 telephone-event/8000\r\na=ssrc:3207459321 cname:4nyPJ6KXvseBUIhu\r\na=ssrc:3207459321 msid:caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335 52ad01f1-b1df-4b8e-a208-9201e98b6f7b\r\n';
-    t.ok(isOpusFirst(sdp), "opus is first offer");
-
-    const sdp2 = 'v=0\r\no=- 3348584794228993675 2 IN IP4 127.0.0.1\r\ns=-\r\nt=0 0\r\na=group:BUNDLE 0\r\na=extmap-allow-mixed\r\na=msid-semantic: WMS caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335\r\nm=audio 57088 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 111 63 9 0 8 13 110 126\r\nc=IN IP4 14.238.89.50\r\na=rtcp:9 IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\na=candidate:1401281302 1 udp 2122260223 10.231.36.146 57088 typ host generation 0 network-id 1 network-cost 10\r\na=candidate:2173263513 1 udp 1686052607 14.238.89.50 57088 typ srflx raddr 10.231.36.146 rport 57088 generation 0 network-id 1 network-cost 10\r\na=ice-ufrag:k5nc\r\na=ice-pwd:J0qwMs6HrIcFNZbDG5m8Kqpk\r\na=ice-options:trickle\r\na=fingerprint:sha-256 66:DE:9A:76:CE:11:2D:65:C4:08:C7:87:B4:90:7E:F1:8D:07:B9:F4:FF:E3:81:D7:E7:7D:C6:56:47:01:6E:55\r\na=setup:actpass\r\na=mid:0\r\na=extmap:1 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:ssrc-audio-level\r\na=extmap:2 http://www.webrtc.org/experiments/rtp-hdrext/abs-send-time\r\na=extmap:3 http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-holmer-rmcat-transport-wide-cc-extensions-01\r\na=extmap:4 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:sdes:mid\r\na=sendrecv\r\na=msid:caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335 52ad01f1-b1df-4b8e-a208-9201e98b6f7b\r\na=rtcp-mux\r\na=rtcp-fb:111 transport-cc\r\na=fmtp:111 minptime=10;useinbandfec=1\r\na=rtpmap:63 red/48000/2\r\na=fmtp:63 111/111\r\na=rtpmap:9 G722/8000\r\na=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000\r\na=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000\r\na=rtpmap:13 CN/8000\r\na=rtpmap:111 opus/48000/2\r\na=rtpmap:110 telephone-event/48000\r\na=rtpmap:126 telephone-event/8000\r\na=ssrc:3207459321 cname:4nyPJ6KXvseBUIhu\r\na=ssrc:3207459321 msid:caca8b77-5ae5-4e73-a4d5-de1fce930335 52ad01f1-b1df-4b8e-a208-9201e98b6f7b\r\n';
-    t.ok(!isOpusFirst(sdp2), "opus is not first offer")
-
-    const sdp3 = 'v=0\r\no=xhoaluu2 1314 1504 IN IP4 192.168.1.4\r\ns=Talk\r\nc=IN IP4 192.168.1.4\r\nt=0 0\r\na=ice-pwd:397d063ea23fdc05164e3ee4\r\na=ice-ufrag:16c449a3\r\na=rtcp-xr:rcvr-rtt=all:10000 stat-summary=loss,dup,jitt,TTL voip-metrics\r\na=group:BUNDLE as\r\na=record:off\r\nm=audio 56542 RTP/AVPF 0 8\r\nc=IN IP4 14.226.233.151\r\na=rtcp-mux\r\na=mid:as\r\na=extmap:1 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:sdes:mid\r\na=rtcp:63076 IN IP4 192.168.1.4\r\na=candidate:1 1 UDP 2130706303 192.168.1.4 56542 typ host\r\na=candidate:1 2 UDP 2130706302 192.168.1.4 63076 typ host\r\na=candidate:2 1 UDP 2130706431 2001:ee0:d744:dcf0:c1d3:d73f:7a93:dc9f 56542 typ host\r\na=candidate:2 2 UDP 2130706430 2001:ee0:d744:dcf0:c1d3:d73f:7a93:dc9f 63076 typ host\r\na=candidate:3 1 UDP 2130706431 2001:ee0:d744:dcf0:15:6be3:8e6b:b736 56542 typ host\r\na=candidate:3 2 UDP 2130706430 2001:ee0:d744:dcf0:15:6be3:8e6b:b736 63076 typ host\r\na=candidate:4 1 UDP 1694498687 14.226.233.151 56542 typ srflx raddr 192.168.1.4 rport 56542\r\na=rtcp-fb:* trr-int 1000\r\na=rtcp-fb:* ccm tmmbr';
-    t.ok(!isOpusFirst(sdp2), "opus is not first offer")
-    t.end();
-});
--- a/test/transcribe-tests.js
+++ b/test/transcribe-tests.js
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ test('\'transcribe\' test - google', async(t) => {
    // THEN
    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().startsWith('i\'d like to speak to customer support'),
      'transcribe: succeeds when using google credentials');

@@ -90,7 +89,6 @@ test('\'transcribe\' test - microsoft', async(t) => {
    // THEN
    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().startsWith('i\'d like to speak to customer support'),
      'transcribe: succeeds when using  microsoft credentials');

@@ -128,7 +126,6 @@ test('\'transcribe\' test - aws', async(t) => {
    // THEN
    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().startsWith('i\'d like to speak to customer support'),
      'transcribe: succeeds when using aws credentials');

@@ -140,71 +137,6 @@ test('\'transcribe\' test - aws', async(t) => {
  }
 });

-
-test('\'transcribe\' test - deepgram config options', async(t) => {
-  if (!DEEPGRAM_API_KEY ) {
-    t.pass('skipping deepgram tests');
-    return t.end();
-  }
-  clearModule.all();
-  const {srf, disconnect} = require('../app');
-
-  try {
-    await connect(srf);
-    // GIVEN
-    let verbs = [
-      {
-        "verb": "config",
-        "recognizer": {
-          "vendor": "deepgram",
-          "language": "en-US",
-          "altLanguages": [
-            "en-US"
-          ],
-          "deepgramOptions": {
-            "model": "2-ea",
-            "tier": "nova",
-            "numerals": true,
-            "ner": true,
-            "vadTurnoff": 10,
-            "keywords": [
-              "CPT"
-            ]
-          }
-        }
-      },
-      {
-        "verb": "transcribe",
-        "transcriptionHook": "/transcriptionHook",
-        "recognizer": {
-          "vendor": "deepgram",
-          "altLanguages": [
-            "en-AU"
-          ],
-          "hints": ["customer support", "sales", "human resources", "HR"],
-          "deepgramOptions": {
-            "apiKey": DEEPGRAM_API_KEY,
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    ];
-    let from = "gather_success";
-    await provisionCallHook(from, verbs);
-    // THEN
-    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
-    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
-    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().includes('like to speak to customer support'),
-      'transcribe: succeeds when using deepgram credentials');
-
-    disconnect();
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.log(`error received: ${err}`);
-    disconnect();
-    t.error(err);
-  }
-});
-
 test('\'transcribe\' test - deepgram', async(t) => {
  if (!DEEPGRAM_API_KEY ) {
    t.pass('skipping deepgram tests');
@@ -234,7 +166,6 @@ test('\'transcribe\' test - deepgram', async(t) => {
    // THEN
    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().includes('like to speak to customer support'),
      'transcribe: succeeds when using deepgram credentials');

@@ -314,131 +245,9 @@ test('\'transcribe\' test - google with asrTimeout', async(t) => {
    // THEN
    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().startsWith('i\'d like to speak to customer support'),
      'transcribe: succeeds when using google credentials');

-    disconnect();
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.log(`error received: ${err}`);
-    disconnect();
-    t.error(err);
-  }
-});
-
-test('\'transcribe\' test - deepgram config options altLanguages', async(t) => {
-  if (!DEEPGRAM_API_KEY ) {
-    t.pass('skipping deepgram tests');
-    return t.end();
-  }
-  clearModule.all();
-  const {srf, disconnect} = require('../app');
-
-  try {
-    await connect(srf);
-    // GIVEN
-    let verbs = [
-      {
-        "verb": "config",
-        "recognizer": {
-          "vendor": "deepgram",
-          "language": "en-US",
-          "altLanguages": [
-            "en-US"
-          ],
-          "deepgramOptions": {
-            "model": "nova-2",
-            "numerals": true,
-            "ner": true,
-            "vadTurnoff": 10,
-            "keywords": [
-              "CPT"
-            ]
-          }
-        }
-      },
-      {
-        "verb": "transcribe",
-        "transcriptionHook": "/transcriptionHook",
-        "recognizer": {
-          "vendor": "deepgram",
-          "hints": ["customer support", "sales", "human resources", "HR"],
-          "deepgramOptions": {
-            "apiKey": DEEPGRAM_API_KEY,
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    ];
-    let from = "gather_success_no_altLanguages";
-    await provisionCallHook(from, verbs);
-    // THEN
-    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
-    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
-    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().includes('like to speak to customer support'),
-      'transcribe: succeeds when using deepgram credentials');
-
-    disconnect();
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.log(`error received: ${err}`);
-    disconnect();
-    t.error(err);
-  }
-});
-
-test('\'transcribe\' test - deepgram config options altLanguages', async(t) => {
-  if (!DEEPGRAM_API_KEY ) {
-    t.pass('skipping deepgram tests');
-    return t.end();
-  }
-  clearModule.all();
-  const {srf, disconnect} = require('../app');
-
-  try {
-    await connect(srf);
-    // GIVEN
-    let verbs = [
-      {
-        "verb": "config",
-        "recognizer": {
-          "vendor": "deepgram",
-          "language": "en-US",
-          "altLanguages": [
-            "en-US"
-          ],
-          "deepgramOptions": {
-            "model": "nova-2",
-            "numerals": true,
-            "ner": true,
-            "vadTurnoff": 10,
-            "keywords": [
-              "CPT"
-            ]
-          }
-        }
-      },
-      {
-        "verb": "transcribe",
-        "transcriptionHook": "/transcriptionHook",
-        "recognizer": {
-          "vendor": "deepgram",
-          "hints": ["customer support", "sales", "human resources", "HR"],
-          "altLanguages": [],
-          "deepgramOptions": {
-            "apiKey": DEEPGRAM_API_KEY,
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    ];
-    let from = "gather_success_has_altLanguages";
-    await provisionCallHook(from, verbs);
-    // THEN
-    await sippUac('uac-gather-account-creds-success.xml', '172.38.0.10', from);
-    let obj = await getJSON(`http://127.0.0.1:3100/lastRequest/${from}_actionHook`);
-    //console.log(JSON.stringify(obj));
-    t.ok(obj.body.speech.alternatives[0].transcript.toLowerCase().includes('like to speak to customer support'),
-      'transcribe: succeeds when using deepgram credentials');
-
    disconnect();
  } catch (err) {
    console.log(`error received: ${err}`);